The SPARC tokamak will be equipped with a hard X-ray (HXR) monitor system capable of measuring the bremsstrahlung emission from runaway electrons with photon energies in excess of about 100 keV. This diagnostic will detect the formation of runaway electron beams during plasma start-up and inform the plasma control system to terminate the discharge early to protect the machine. In this work, we present a 0D estimate of the HXR emission in SPARC during plasma start-up. Then we discuss the characterization of a prototype of the HXR monitor. The detector mounts a 1 × 1-in.2 LaBr3 inorganic scintillator coupled with a photomultiplier tube and has been tested with γ-ray sources to find its dynamic range. Finally, two possible modes of operation for spectroscopic and current mode measurements on SPARC are proposed.
Panontin, E., Tinguely, R., Hartwig, Z., Saltos, A., Vezinet, D., Rice, J. (2024). Development of the prototype for the SPARC hard X-ray monitor. REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS, 95(8) [10.1063/5.0219549].
Development of the prototype for the SPARC hard X-ray monitor
Panontin E.
;
2024
Abstract
The SPARC tokamak will be equipped with a hard X-ray (HXR) monitor system capable of measuring the bremsstrahlung emission from runaway electrons with photon energies in excess of about 100 keV. This diagnostic will detect the formation of runaway electron beams during plasma start-up and inform the plasma control system to terminate the discharge early to protect the machine. In this work, we present a 0D estimate of the HXR emission in SPARC during plasma start-up. Then we discuss the characterization of a prototype of the HXR monitor. The detector mounts a 1 × 1-in.2 LaBr3 inorganic scintillator coupled with a photomultiplier tube and has been tested with γ-ray sources to find its dynamic range. Finally, two possible modes of operation for spectroscopic and current mode measurements on SPARC are proposed.
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