A review of novel biomarkers and imaging techniques for assessing the severity of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy

Introduction: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a potentially persistent late toxicity of most common anticancer regimens. There is still a huge lack in CIPN assessment in clinical trials; therefore, biomarkers, both neuroimagery and molecular, could fill this gap. Areas covered: In this review the first applications of high-resolution ultrasound (HRUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are discussed; different molecular biomarkers first report in CIPN are also addressed, broadening the spectrum of potential molecular candidates beyond pharmacogenomics. Expert opinion: At the present moment, neuroimaging and biomarkers are not yet part of the clinical practice for CIPN management, but they deserved to be tested since they could be a valuable surrogate endpoint in a clinical trial. To ascertain the appropriateness of (a) potential biomarker(s), it is crucial to design a clinical trial based on sound design and taking advantage of international, multidisciplinary initiatives, such as the Toxic Neuropathy Consortium.