Mathematical difficulties in nonverbal learning disability or co-morbid dyscalculia and dyslexia

The main goal of the present study was to shed further light on the weaknesses of children with different profiles of mathematical difficulties, testing children with nonverbal learning disability (NLD), co-morbid dyscalculia and dyslexia (D&D), or typical development (TD). Sixteen children with NLD, 15 with DandD, and 16 with TD completed tasks derived from Butterworth (2003) and divided into: a capacity subscale (i.e., a number-dots comparison task, a number comparison task, and a dots comparison task); and an achievement subscale (i.e., mental calculations and arithmetical fact retrieval). Children with NLD were impaired in the dots comparison task, children with DandD in the mental calculation and arithmetical facts. © 2013 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.