In the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD), it has been proposed that the anti-inflammatory interleukins such as IL-10 regulate beta-amyloid-induced microglial inflammatory responses inhibiting the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6. Since the promoters of the IL-10 and IL-6 genes show single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (IL-10: -1082 G --> A; IL-6: -174 G --> C), we investigated these SNPs and cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 65 AD patients and 65 controls (HC). In AD there was a significant increase of the -1082A IL-10 allele (P = 0.009) and a decrease of -1082GG genotype (P = 0.019). The frequency of the GG IL-6 genotype in AD was lower and the C allele significantly higher (P < 0.005). The co-occurrence of IL-10 A and IL-6 C alleles significantly raised the odds ratio (OR 11.2, confidence interval: CI 1.3-97.3; P < 0.05) independently of apolipoprotein E4 (adjusted OR 10.3, CI 1-108; P < 0.05). Only amyloid-stimulated IL-10 production differed between the groups (P = 0.023). These results raise questions regarding the inflammatory theory in AD, pointing to a pivotal role of IL-10 and IL-6 and a selective alteration in this network. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Arosio, B., Trabattoni, D., Galimberti, L., Bucciarelli, P., Fasano, F., Calabresi, C., et al. (2004). Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-6 Gene Polymorphisms as Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease. NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING, 25(8), 1009-1015 [10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2003.10.009].
Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-6 Gene Polymorphisms as Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease
ANNONI, GIORGIO;
2004
Abstract
In the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD), it has been proposed that the anti-inflammatory interleukins such as IL-10 regulate beta-amyloid-induced microglial inflammatory responses inhibiting the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6. Since the promoters of the IL-10 and IL-6 genes show single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (IL-10: -1082 G --> A; IL-6: -174 G --> C), we investigated these SNPs and cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 65 AD patients and 65 controls (HC). In AD there was a significant increase of the -1082A IL-10 allele (P = 0.009) and a decrease of -1082GG genotype (P = 0.019). The frequency of the GG IL-6 genotype in AD was lower and the C allele significantly higher (P < 0.005). The co-occurrence of IL-10 A and IL-6 C alleles significantly raised the odds ratio (OR 11.2, confidence interval: CI 1.3-97.3; P < 0.05) independently of apolipoprotein E4 (adjusted OR 10.3, CI 1-108; P < 0.05). Only amyloid-stimulated IL-10 production differed between the groups (P = 0.023). These results raise questions regarding the inflammatory theory in AD, pointing to a pivotal role of IL-10 and IL-6 and a selective alteration in this network. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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