The article focuses on the active role of domestic water as a mediator of the political dynamics in the process of cultural construction of the Palestinian nation-state and, in particular, of the conflicts for the definition of the refugee status. The ethnographic research exposed considers the daily local struggles and manipulations through which the inhabitants of Dheisha refugee camp, on the outskirts of Bethlehem (West Bank), satisfy their need for domestic water, competing with the techno-politics of water administration implemented by the Palestinian national Authority. Taking into account the structural and administrative conditions of domestic water control and supply in the Dheisha refugee camp, compared to the surrounding Bethlehem district (West Bank), it shows the social and cultural changes that the new Palestinian national Authority’s domestic water supply has engendered and how the present situation is perceived by refugees and citizens in the West Bank. The paper shows the role of domestic water as a medium of the local and regional political dynamics and of the negotiation of different forms of identification and differentiation characterizing the community of refugees and the Palestinian society in the West Bank, which is not at all homogeneous but rich in visions of “others” that are in conflict, collaborate or simply co-exist. The different rationalities and strategies that develop around this vital resource show the different symbolic values attributed to the water in the context of the political tensions that come into play during the cultural construction of a nation-state for the Palestinian population. The water is considered as a public space where the conflict for the definition of the refugee status is taking place and a political arena where the legitimacy of the Palestinian State - represented by the Palestinian national Authority - is at stake.
L'articolo riguarda il ruolo attivo dell'acqua per uso domestico come mediatore delle dinamiche politiche nel processo di costruzione culturale dello stato-nazione palestinese e, in particolare, dei conflitti per la definizione dello status di rifugiato. La ricerca etnografica esposta considera le lotte e le manipolazioni locali quotidiane attraverso le quali gli abitanti del campo rifugiati di Dheisha, situato nella periferia di Betlemme (Cisgiordania), ottengono l'accesso all'acqua per uso domestico, in competizione con le tecno-politiche di amministrazione dell'acqua implementate dall'Autorità nazionale palestinese. Considerando le condizioni amministrative e strutturali del controllo e della distribuzione dell’acqua per uso domestico nel campo rifugiati di Dheisha, in relazione al distretto di Betlemme (Cisgiordania) dove è situato, questo studio mostra i cambiamenti sociali e culturali generati dalle politiche di distribuzione dell’acqua per uso domestico dell’ANP, proponendosi di comprendere come l’attuale situazione sia percepita localmente dai rifugiati e dai cittadini della Cisgiordania. Emerge così il ruolo dell’acqua come mediatore delle dinamiche politiche locali e regionali e della negoziazione di differenti forme d’identificazione e differenziazione che caratterizzano la comunità di rifugiati e la società palestinese in Cisgiordania, che non sono omogenee, ma ricche di visioni di « altri » che sono in conflitto, collaborano o semplicemente coesistono. Le differenti razionalità e strategie che si sviluppano attorno a questa risorsa vitale mostrano la pluralità di valori simbolici attribuiti all’acqua, nel contesto delle tensioni politiche che entrano in gioco nel corso della costruzione culturale di uno stato-nazione per la popolazione palestinese. L’acqua è considerata come uno spazio pubblico dove si dispiega il conflitto per la definizione dello status sociale di rifugiato e un’arena politica dove è in gioco la legittimità dello Stato palestinese – rappresentato dall’Autorità nazionale palestinese.
DE DONATO, A. (2013). Water politics within the Palestinian nation-state building. The case of the Dheisha refugee camp and the Bethlehem district (West Bank). JOURNAL DES ANTHROPOLOGUES, 132 - 133, 169-195.
Water politics within the Palestinian nation-state building. The case of the Dheisha refugee camp and the Bethlehem district (West Bank)
DE DONATO, ANITAPrimo
2013
Abstract
The article focuses on the active role of domestic water as a mediator of the political dynamics in the process of cultural construction of the Palestinian nation-state and, in particular, of the conflicts for the definition of the refugee status. The ethnographic research exposed considers the daily local struggles and manipulations through which the inhabitants of Dheisha refugee camp, on the outskirts of Bethlehem (West Bank), satisfy their need for domestic water, competing with the techno-politics of water administration implemented by the Palestinian national Authority. Taking into account the structural and administrative conditions of domestic water control and supply in the Dheisha refugee camp, compared to the surrounding Bethlehem district (West Bank), it shows the social and cultural changes that the new Palestinian national Authority’s domestic water supply has engendered and how the present situation is perceived by refugees and citizens in the West Bank. The paper shows the role of domestic water as a medium of the local and regional political dynamics and of the negotiation of different forms of identification and differentiation characterizing the community of refugees and the Palestinian society in the West Bank, which is not at all homogeneous but rich in visions of “others” that are in conflict, collaborate or simply co-exist. The different rationalities and strategies that develop around this vital resource show the different symbolic values attributed to the water in the context of the political tensions that come into play during the cultural construction of a nation-state for the Palestinian population. The water is considered as a public space where the conflict for the definition of the refugee status is taking place and a political arena where the legitimacy of the Palestinian State - represented by the Palestinian national Authority - is at stake.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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