This paper examines the role of the spatial dimension in urban poor areas, basing all the considerations on the French case. Part of the existing literature on the issue links the production and re-production of exclusion areas to the establishment of globalisation processes. By stressing the overlapping between social and spatial exclusion within the ‘ghettos’, several theories give the spatial dimension only a passive role, while, at most, the concentration of vulnerable populations has the effect of exacerbating their exclusion. Thus, it becomes clear that the overly simplistic view of the spatial variable typical of these approaches inevitably leads to interpret the territories as mere places of confinement. By taking into account both the discussion on neighbourhood effects and the investigations conducted in some French cities, this paper argues that the effects of the vulnerability concentration should not be interpreted in a completely negative way, since also in these territories resources for social inclusion are available. Finally, some paradoxical effects of the demolition and reconstruction processes which are part of the Politique de la Ville urban renewal programme will be highlighted. Although some of its policies may be effective in reshaping the urban space, they risk destroying important resources provided to the most vulnerable people by their residential space.
L’articolo approfondisce il ruolo della dimensione spaziale nelle aree urbane svantaggiate francesi. Parte della letteratura sul tema lega la produzione e riproduzione di aree di esclusione all’affermazione dei processi di globalizzazione. Sottolineando la sovrapposizione tra esclusione sociale e spaziale, molte teorie riconoscono alla dimensione spaziale solamente un ruolo passivo; al massimo, la concentrazione di popolazioni vulnerabili ha l’effetto di esacerbare la loro esclusione. Il semplicistico ruolo riconosciuto da questi approcci alla variabile spaziale porta inevitabilmente a interpretare questi territori come meri luoghi di confinamento. Prendendo in considerazione sia il dibattito sugli “effetti di quartiere” sia le ricerche condotte nelle città francesi, nell’articolo si sostiene che gli effetti della concentrazione della vulnerabilità non devono essere interpretati in maniera esclusivamente negativa e che anche in questi territori sono disponibili risorse per l’inclusione. Infine, sono sottolineati alcuni effetti paradossali delle politiche di demolizione e ricostruzione che fanno parte del programma di riqualificazione urbana della Politique de la Ville. Nonostante queste politiche si rivelino efficaci nel rimodellare lo spazio, esse rischiano di distruggere le risorse che lo spazio residenziale fornisce alle popolazioni più vulnerabili.
Daconto, L. (2014). Living in Disadvantaged Neighborhoods : Only Negative Effects ? The Role of the Spatial Dimension in the French Urban Sensible Areas. SOCIOLOGIA URBANA E RURALE, 36(103), 99-114 [10.3280/SUR2014-103006].
Living in Disadvantaged Neighborhoods : Only Negative Effects ? The Role of the Spatial Dimension in the French Urban Sensible Areas
DACONTO, LUCA
2014
Abstract
This paper examines the role of the spatial dimension in urban poor areas, basing all the considerations on the French case. Part of the existing literature on the issue links the production and re-production of exclusion areas to the establishment of globalisation processes. By stressing the overlapping between social and spatial exclusion within the ‘ghettos’, several theories give the spatial dimension only a passive role, while, at most, the concentration of vulnerable populations has the effect of exacerbating their exclusion. Thus, it becomes clear that the overly simplistic view of the spatial variable typical of these approaches inevitably leads to interpret the territories as mere places of confinement. By taking into account both the discussion on neighbourhood effects and the investigations conducted in some French cities, this paper argues that the effects of the vulnerability concentration should not be interpreted in a completely negative way, since also in these territories resources for social inclusion are available. Finally, some paradoxical effects of the demolition and reconstruction processes which are part of the Politique de la Ville urban renewal programme will be highlighted. Although some of its policies may be effective in reshaping the urban space, they risk destroying important resources provided to the most vulnerable people by their residential space.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.