The gravitational-wave signal GW250114 was observed by the two LIGO detectors with a network matched-filter signal-to-noise ratio of 80. The signal was emitted by the coalescence of two black holes with near-equal masses m_{1}=33.6_{-0.8}^{+1.2}M_{⊙} and m_{2}=32.2_{-1.3}^{+0.8}M_{⊙}, and small spins χ_{1,2}≤0.26 (90% credibility) and negligible eccentricity e≤0.03. Postmerger data excluding the peak region are consistent with the dominant quadrupolar (ℓ=|m|=2) mode of a Kerr black hole and its first overtone. We constrain the modes' frequencies to ±30% of the Kerr spectrum, providing a test of the remnant's Kerr nature. We also examine Hawking's area law, also known as the second law of black hole mechanics, which states that the total area of the black hole event horizons cannot decrease with time. A range of analyses that exclude up to five of the strongest merger cycles confirm that the remnant area is larger than the sum of the initial areas to high credibility.

Abac, A., Abouelfettouh, I., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adamcewicz, C., Adhicary, S., et al. (2025). GW250114: Testing Hawking's Area Law and the Kerr Nature of Black Holes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 135(11), 111403 [10.1103/kw5g-d732].

GW250114: Testing Hawking's Area Law and the Kerr Nature of Black Holes

Borhanian S.;Buscicchio R.;Carpinelli M.;Colombo A.;Della Torre S.;Renzini A.;Rozza D.;
2025

Abstract

The gravitational-wave signal GW250114 was observed by the two LIGO detectors with a network matched-filter signal-to-noise ratio of 80. The signal was emitted by the coalescence of two black holes with near-equal masses m_{1}=33.6_{-0.8}^{+1.2}M_{⊙} and m_{2}=32.2_{-1.3}^{+0.8}M_{⊙}, and small spins χ_{1,2}≤0.26 (90% credibility) and negligible eccentricity e≤0.03. Postmerger data excluding the peak region are consistent with the dominant quadrupolar (ℓ=|m|=2) mode of a Kerr black hole and its first overtone. We constrain the modes' frequencies to ±30% of the Kerr spectrum, providing a test of the remnant's Kerr nature. We also examine Hawking's area law, also known as the second law of black hole mechanics, which states that the total area of the black hole event horizons cannot decrease with time. A range of analyses that exclude up to five of the strongest merger cycles confirm that the remnant area is larger than the sum of the initial areas to high credibility.
Articolo in rivista - Articolo scientifico
GW250114, Hawking's Area, Black Holes
English
10-set-2025
2025
135
11
111403
open
Abac, A., Abouelfettouh, I., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adamcewicz, C., Adhicary, S., et al. (2025). GW250114: Testing Hawking's Area Law and the Kerr Nature of Black Holes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 135(11), 111403 [10.1103/kw5g-d732].
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10281/594523
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