Public Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence in Mobile Health Applications

Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into mobile health (mHealth) applications, offering opportunities for personalized healthcare and improved accessibility. However, public perceptions of its risks, benefits, and preferred interaction modes remain underexplored. This study examines general attitudes toward AI in mHealth, including concerns about trust, data security, and communication styles, while considering individual factors such as digital literacy and personality traits. Methods: A qualitative exploratory study was conducted through two focus groups, involving a total of 15 participants (aged 24-34) with diverse educational and professional backgrounds. Discussions explored general views on AI in mHealth, perceived advantages and concerns, and ideal AI attributes. Transcriptions were analyzed using thematic analysis, with independent coding followed by a consensus-based synthesis. Findings: Trust and transparency emerged as primary concerns, particularly regarding privacy and data security. Participants expressed mixed psychological responses, with some finding AI stressful while others saw it as a motivational tool reducing social discomfort. Personalization was highly valued but secondary to human interaction. Cost reduction was identified as a potential benefit. In AI communication, professionalism, trustworthiness, precision, and simplicity were deemed essential. Discussion: These findings provide insights into public expectations and concerns regarding AI in mHealth. Addressing trust and security issues will be crucial for user acceptance. Tailoring AI communication styles to individual needs may enhance engagement and satisfaction, representing a promising yet underexplored avenue for digital health solutions.