Executive function (EF) and narrative competence (NC) are two fundamental skills in human life. Both dimensions have been extensively investigated, but research on their relationship is still scarce. The dissertation presents three studies conducted within this PhD project, aiming to deepen the knowledge of the relationship between NC and EF in Italian preschoolers. The first chapter presents a meta-analysis on the association between these dimensions across childhood and adolescence. Results showed that the strength of this association changes over time and across different types of narrative and executive competence. Early childhood resulted in the period of life where EF and NC are more associated. Following recent evidence that narrative assessment may serve to address EF in the adult population (Cannizzaro & Coelho, 2013), the second chapter aims to analyze which indices of narrative performance could be useful to address EF in children. Narrative performances were extensively investigated in a sample of 39 preschoolers, and the relation with EF tasks was analyzed taking into consideration possible confounding variables. Results showed that anticipations and anaphoric use of articles within oral narratives might be useful as an ecological measure of a child’s working memory and interference control, respectively. Finally, the third chapter presents a study on the differences between children and adults in referential cohesion, the ability to adjust referential forms by discourse function (introduction, maintenance, re-introduction of characters) when referring to more or less accessible character entities in a narrative context. Then, cognitive mechanisms underlying children’s referential choices that diverged from adults were investigated. Results showed the fundamental role of interference control processes in referential choices made by children.

Le funzioni esecutive (FE) e le competenze narrative (CN) sono due abilità fondamentali nello sviluppo umano. Entrambe sono state ampiamente studiate, ma la ricerca sulla loro relazione è ancora scarsa. La tesi presenta tre studi condotti con l'obiettivo di approfondire la conoscenza della relazione tra CN ed FE in bambini italiani in età prescolare. Il primo capitolo presenta una meta-analisi sull'associazione tra queste dimensioni nell'infanzia e nell'adolescenza. I risultati hanno mostrato che la forza di questa associazione cambia nel tempo e tra i diversi tipi di narrazione e di funzione esecutiva. La prima infanzia risulta essere il periodo della vita in cui FE e CN sono maggiormente associate. In seguito alla recente evidenza che la valutazione narrativa può rivelarsi utile per valutare le FE nella popolazione adulta (Cannizzaro & Coelho, 2013), il secondo capitolo si propone di analizzare quali indici di performance narrativa potrebbero essere utili per valutare le FE nei bambini in maniera ecologica. Le performance narrative sono state ampiamente studiate in un campione di 39 bambini in età prescolare e la relazione con i compiti delle FE è stata analizzata tenendo conto di possibili variabili confondenti. I risultati hanno mostrato che le anticipazioni e l'uso anaforico degli articoli all'interno delle narrazioni orali potrebbero essere utili come misura ecologica rispettivamente della memoria di lavoro e del controllo dell'interferenza di un bambino. Infine, il terzo capitolo presenta uno studio sulle differenze tra bambini e adulti nella coesione referenziale, la capacità di adattare le espressioni referenziali per riferirsi ai personaggi nel corso della narrazione in base alla funzione del discorso (introduzione, mantenimento, reintroduzione di personaggi). Sono stati poi studiati i meccanismi cognitivi alla base delle scelte referenziali dei bambini che divergono da quelle degli adulti. I risultati hanno mostrato il ruolo fondamentale dei processi di controllo dell'interferenza nelle scelte referenziali dei bambini.

(2023). The relation between Executive Function and Narrative Competence in Early Childhood. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023).

The relation between Executive Function and Narrative Competence in Early Childhood

SCIONTI, NICOLETTA
2023

Abstract

Executive function (EF) and narrative competence (NC) are two fundamental skills in human life. Both dimensions have been extensively investigated, but research on their relationship is still scarce. The dissertation presents three studies conducted within this PhD project, aiming to deepen the knowledge of the relationship between NC and EF in Italian preschoolers. The first chapter presents a meta-analysis on the association between these dimensions across childhood and adolescence. Results showed that the strength of this association changes over time and across different types of narrative and executive competence. Early childhood resulted in the period of life where EF and NC are more associated. Following recent evidence that narrative assessment may serve to address EF in the adult population (Cannizzaro & Coelho, 2013), the second chapter aims to analyze which indices of narrative performance could be useful to address EF in children. Narrative performances were extensively investigated in a sample of 39 preschoolers, and the relation with EF tasks was analyzed taking into consideration possible confounding variables. Results showed that anticipations and anaphoric use of articles within oral narratives might be useful as an ecological measure of a child’s working memory and interference control, respectively. Finally, the third chapter presents a study on the differences between children and adults in referential cohesion, the ability to adjust referential forms by discourse function (introduction, maintenance, re-introduction of characters) when referring to more or less accessible character entities in a narrative context. Then, cognitive mechanisms underlying children’s referential choices that diverged from adults were investigated. Results showed the fundamental role of interference control processes in referential choices made by children.
MARZOCCHI, GIAN MARCO
ZAMPINI, LAURA
funzioni esecutive; competenze narrative; età prescolare; coesione referenzial; meta-analysis
executive functions; narrative competence; preschool age; referential cohesion; meta-analysis
M-PSI/04 - PSICOLOGIA DELLO SVILUPPO E PSICOLOGIA DELL'EDUCAZIONE
Italian
16-mag-2023
35
2021/2022
open
(2023). The relation between Executive Function and Narrative Competence in Early Childhood. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023).
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10281/415716
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