AIM: This review aims to summarize the state of the art in endoscopic and other minimally invasive technique for the treatment of acute biliary pancreatitis. Current indications, advantages or disadvantages for each reported technique and future perspectives are discussed. BACKGROUND: Acute biliary pancreatitis is one of the most common gastroenterological diseases. Its management range from medical to interventional treatment and involves gastroenterologists, nutritionists, endoscopists, interventional radiologists and surgeons. Interventional procedures are required in case of local complications, failure of medical treatment and definitive treatment of biliary gallstones. Endoscopic and minimally invasive procedures have progressively gained favor and wide diffusion in treating acute biliary pancreatitis reporting good results in terms of safety and minor morbidity and mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is advocated in case of cholangitis and persistent common biliary duct obstruction. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered the definitive treatment for acute biliary pancreatitis. Endoscopic transmural drainage and necrosectomy have gained acceptance and diffusion in treating pancreatic necrosis reporting minor impact on morbidity respect surgery. A surgical approach to pancreatic necrosis progressively shifts towards minimally invasive technique like minimally access retroperitoneal pancreatic necrosectomy, video-assisted retroperitoneal debridement or laparoscopic necrosectomy. Open necrosectomy in necrotizing pancreatitis is reserved to failure of endoscopic or minimally invasive treatment or in case of wide necrotic collections.
SCOPO: Questo articolo descrive lo stato dell’arte delle tecniche endoscopiche e chirurgiche mini-invasive per il trattamento della pancreatite acuta biliare. Le indicazioni, i vantaggi e gli svantaggi di ciascuna tecnica descritta sono discusse unitamente alle prospettive future relative al loro impiego. PREMESSE: La pancreatite acuta biliare è una delle malattie gastroenterologiche più comuni. Il suo trattamento spazia dall’ambito medico a quello interventistico coinvolgendo nella sua gestione diversi specialisti tra cui gastroenterologi, nutrizionisti, endoscopisti, radiologi interventisti e chirurghi. L’approccio interventistico è utilizzato in caso di fallimento della terapia medica, per il trattamento delle complicanze locali o come terapia definitive in caso di etiologia litiasica biliare. Nel corso degli anni le procedure endoscopiche e chirurgiche mini-invasive si sono progressivamente affermate grazie ai buoni risultati ottenuti in termini di sicurezza, minor morbilità e mortalità per il paziente. CONCLUSIONI: La colangiopancreatografia retrograda endoscopica è consigliata in caso di colangite e ostruzione persistente del dotto biliare comune. La colecistectomia laparoscopica è considerata il trattamento definitivo per la calcolosi biliare condizionante pancreatite acuta. In caso di necrosi e raccolte pancreatiche o peripancreatiche il drenaggio endoscopico transgastrico e la necrosectomia endoscopica si stanno affermando rispetto alle tecniche chirurgiche tradizionali grazie ad un minor impatto sulla morbilità. In caso di trattamento chirurgico della necrosi pancreatica le tecniche mini-invasive quali la necrosectomia retroperitoneale, il debridement retroperitoneale videoassistito o la necrosectomia laparoscopica costituiscono una via preferenziale. La necrosectomia a cielo aperto mantiene un proprio ruolo in caso di fallimento del trattamento endoscopico/mini invasivo o in presenza di estese raccolte necrotiche.
Gerosa, M., Chiarelli, M., Maggioni, D., Cioffi, U., Guttadauro, A. (2023). Acute biliary pancreatitis: the current role of endoscopic and minimally invasive surgical procedures. ANNALI ITALIANI DI CHIRURGIA, 94(1), 36-44.
Acute biliary pancreatitis: the current role of endoscopic and minimally invasive surgical procedures
Guttadauro A.Ultimo
2023
Abstract
AIM: This review aims to summarize the state of the art in endoscopic and other minimally invasive technique for the treatment of acute biliary pancreatitis. Current indications, advantages or disadvantages for each reported technique and future perspectives are discussed. BACKGROUND: Acute biliary pancreatitis is one of the most common gastroenterological diseases. Its management range from medical to interventional treatment and involves gastroenterologists, nutritionists, endoscopists, interventional radiologists and surgeons. Interventional procedures are required in case of local complications, failure of medical treatment and definitive treatment of biliary gallstones. Endoscopic and minimally invasive procedures have progressively gained favor and wide diffusion in treating acute biliary pancreatitis reporting good results in terms of safety and minor morbidity and mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is advocated in case of cholangitis and persistent common biliary duct obstruction. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered the definitive treatment for acute biliary pancreatitis. Endoscopic transmural drainage and necrosectomy have gained acceptance and diffusion in treating pancreatic necrosis reporting minor impact on morbidity respect surgery. A surgical approach to pancreatic necrosis progressively shifts towards minimally invasive technique like minimally access retroperitoneal pancreatic necrosectomy, video-assisted retroperitoneal debridement or laparoscopic necrosectomy. Open necrosectomy in necrotizing pancreatitis is reserved to failure of endoscopic or minimally invasive treatment or in case of wide necrotic collections.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.