Aims Recent studies using quantitative methods, such as principal-component factor analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and latent class analysis, have suggested that Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) should no longer be considered a unitary condition as in current classification systems. We set out to identify quantitative components of GTS symptomatology using a large, well characterised cohort of singleton individuals with GTS, in order to inform future genetic studies with more homogeneous phenotypes. Methods Principal-component factor analysis with oblique rotation was used to analyse symptom data from a sample of 639 patients recruited at two tertiary referral centres using identical schedules during the period 1980–2008. Results Three Factors were identified: (1) complex motor tics and echo-paliphenomena; (2) attention-deficit and hyperactivity symptoms plus aggressive behaviours; (3) complex vocal tics and coprophenomena. Obsessive compulsive behaviours loaded significantly on the first two Factors. The three Factors accounted for 48.5% of the total symptomatic variance. Conclusions GTS is a phenotypically heterogeneous condition encompassing tics, tic-related symptoms and associated behavioural problems. Our results, coupled with previous findings, identified a clinical continuum of complex involuntary movements, hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms, and semantically relevant utterances and gestures. A better characterisation of the GTS phenotypes will help to identify susceptibility genes.
Cavanna, A., Critchley, H., Orth, M., Stern, J., Young, M., Robertson, M. (2011). The Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome behavioural spectrum: a factor analysis of 639 patients. Intervento presentato a: Joint Conference of the British-Neuropsychiatry-Association AGM/ Section of Neuropsychiatry of RCPsych - FEB 09-11, 2011, Inst Child Hlth, London, ENGLAND [10.1136/jnnp-2011-300504.14].
The Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome behavioural spectrum: a factor analysis of 639 patients
Cavanna A;
2011
Abstract
Aims Recent studies using quantitative methods, such as principal-component factor analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and latent class analysis, have suggested that Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) should no longer be considered a unitary condition as in current classification systems. We set out to identify quantitative components of GTS symptomatology using a large, well characterised cohort of singleton individuals with GTS, in order to inform future genetic studies with more homogeneous phenotypes. Methods Principal-component factor analysis with oblique rotation was used to analyse symptom data from a sample of 639 patients recruited at two tertiary referral centres using identical schedules during the period 1980–2008. Results Three Factors were identified: (1) complex motor tics and echo-paliphenomena; (2) attention-deficit and hyperactivity symptoms plus aggressive behaviours; (3) complex vocal tics and coprophenomena. Obsessive compulsive behaviours loaded significantly on the first two Factors. The three Factors accounted for 48.5% of the total symptomatic variance. Conclusions GTS is a phenotypically heterogeneous condition encompassing tics, tic-related symptoms and associated behavioural problems. Our results, coupled with previous findings, identified a clinical continuum of complex involuntary movements, hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms, and semantically relevant utterances and gestures. A better characterisation of the GTS phenotypes will help to identify susceptibility genes.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.