Tourette syndrome: Current nosology and guidelines

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by multiple chronic tics, currently defined as sudden, repetitive, nonrhythmic movements and vocalizations. The definition of TS has evolved over time, informed by scientific advances and mirrored by the development of evidence based clinical guidelines. Knowledge of the current nosology of TS within the wider context of tic disorders is important for a better understanding and implementation of existing clinical guidelines for the management of patients with these conditions. Over the last few years, a number of national and international guidelines on the assessment and treatment of TS have been developed by groups of experts. Standardization of clinical care and alignment with evidence-based treatment protocols have to be combined with skilled clinical observation and individualization of therapeutic approaches.