Electrochemical cells containing two electrodes dipped in an ionic solution are widely used as charge accumulators, either with polarizable (supercapacitor) or nonpolarizable (battery) electrodes. Recent applications include desalination ("capacitive deionization") and energy extraction from salinity differences ("capacitive mixing"). In this Letter, we analyze a general relation between the variation of the electric potential as a function of the concentration and the salt adsorption. This relation comes from the evaluation of the electrical and mechanical energy exchange along a reversible cycle, which involves salt adsorption and release by the electrodes. The obtained relation thus describes a connection between capacitive deionization and capacitive mixing. We check this relation with experimental data already reported in the literature, and moreover by some classical physical models for electrodes, including polarizable and nonpolarizable electrodes. The generality of the relation makes it very useful in the study of the properties of the electric double layer. © 2012 American Physical Society.

RICA ALARCON, R., Ziano, R., Salerno, D., Mantegazza, F., Brogioli, D. (2012). Thermodynamic Relation between Voltage-Concentration Dependence and Salt Adsorption in Electrochemical Cells. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 109(15) [10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.156103].

Thermodynamic Relation between Voltage-Concentration Dependence and Salt Adsorption in Electrochemical Cells

RICA ALARCON, RAUL ALBERTO;ZIANO, ROBERTO;SALERNO, DOMENICO;MANTEGAZZA, FRANCESCO;BROGIOLI, DORIANO COSTANTINO
2012

Abstract

Electrochemical cells containing two electrodes dipped in an ionic solution are widely used as charge accumulators, either with polarizable (supercapacitor) or nonpolarizable (battery) electrodes. Recent applications include desalination ("capacitive deionization") and energy extraction from salinity differences ("capacitive mixing"). In this Letter, we analyze a general relation between the variation of the electric potential as a function of the concentration and the salt adsorption. This relation comes from the evaluation of the electrical and mechanical energy exchange along a reversible cycle, which involves salt adsorption and release by the electrodes. The obtained relation thus describes a connection between capacitive deionization and capacitive mixing. We check this relation with experimental data already reported in the literature, and moreover by some classical physical models for electrodes, including polarizable and nonpolarizable electrodes. The generality of the relation makes it very useful in the study of the properties of the electric double layer. © 2012 American Physical Society.
Articolo in rivista - Articolo scientifico
salt adsorption; desalination; salinity difference energy; electrochemistry
English
2012
109
15
open
RICA ALARCON, R., Ziano, R., Salerno, D., Mantegazza, F., Brogioli, D. (2012). Thermodynamic Relation between Voltage-Concentration Dependence and Salt Adsorption in Electrochemical Cells. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 109(15) [10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.156103].
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10281/37247
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