Tuning of High-Speed Telecommunication Filters, via I/O Cross-Correlation Evaluation

Continuous-time (CT) filters are widely used in signal processing but, owing to the large spread in the process parameters which determine their time constants, they require a tuning system to align their frequency characteristics. Several techniques have already been proposed in the literature and are commonly employed, but usually they require either a doubling of the filter circuitry or some complex self-calibration scheme, resulting in sensible area overhead or high computational complexity. Here, we present a novel tuning approach which can be applied to both master-slave and self-calibration arrangements and is based on the evaluation of a few samples of the input-output cross-correlation function of the filter, when the input signal is a finite length sequence of pseudorandom pulses. The key advantages of the proposed technique are basically the ease of generation of the input bit-stream and the simplicity of the circuitry required to sample the filter output and to perform the cross-correlation operation. As a consequence, the area overhead associated to the tuning circuitry is kept very small. Some simulation results of the application to the tuning of a low-Q telecommunication filter are given and an extension to the tuning of high-Q active filters is also explored in order to assess the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed technique.