Due to their geophysical structure, the Maldives face various natural hazards, such as coastal erosion, rising water levels, tsunamis and other climate-related disasters. In 2004, the country was affected by the Indian Ocean tsunami, with almost 12,000 displaced persons and a further 8,500 relocated inhabitants. In the context of the country’s efforts to achieve sustainable development and face climate change, disaster risk reduction and resilience capacity are key issues. The Government is working hard to implement the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risks Reduction 2015-2030, linked to Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement. The paper considers the cases of two islands in Dhaalu Atoll – Meedhoo and Rin’budhoo – both affected by the tsunami, where social and economic resilience produced two different models of development. The tsunami hit Meedhoo hard. The island economy depends on fishing and the main threats are its small size and soil erosion. Thus, in 2006 a large area around the island was reclaimed and in 2014 larger reclamation projects were started. Rin’budhoo was also severly impacted by the tsunami; there were two victims and a lot of infrastructural damage, forcing many people to migrate. However, for years local government has promoted no land reclamation. The recovery of the island started from its historical and cultural heritage and the revival of traditional crafts and goldsmithery, involving young people. Two islands, two different resilience stories.
Le Maldive sono esposte a un’ampia gamma di fattori di rischio, come l’erosione costiera, l’innalzamento del livello delle acque, gli tsunami e altri eventi. Nel 2004 il paese è stato colpito dallo tsunami, con quasi 12.000 sfollati e 8.500 abitanti rilocalizzati in isole diverse dai luoghi di residenza. In questo contesto storico-politico, la riduzione del rischio e la resilienza dei sistemi locali rappresentano delle questioni chiave per il paese. Implementare il Sendai Framewor for Disaster Risks Reduction 2015-2030, in connessione i Sustainable Development Goals and il Paris Agreement, è una le priorità del governo. Questo lavoro prende in considerazione i casi di due isole nell'atollo di Dhaalu, Meedhoo e Rin’budhoo, dove la resilienza sociale ed economica ha prodotto due diversi modelli di sviluppo. Lo tsunami ha colpito Meedhoo in modo molto violento. Immeditamente dopo l’evento, le principali sfide per l’isola, la cui economia dipende dalla pesca, erano rappresentate dalle ridotte dimensioni e dall’erosione della linea di costa. Così, nel 2006 e 2014, sono stati avviati due imponenti progetti di land reclamation. Anche l’isola di Rin’budhoo è stata duramente colpita dallo tsunami. Ci sono state vittime e diversi danni alle infrastrutture. Tuttavia, per anni, nessun progetto di land reclamation è stato avviato. Il processo di recupero dell’isola, è partito dalla valorizzazione del patrimonio storico e culturale e dalla rinascita dell’artigianato e dell’arte orafa. Due isole, due storie di resilienza.
SCHMIDT MULLER DI FRIEDBERG, M., Malatesta, S., Dell'Agnese, E. (2020). Hazard, Resilience and Development. The Case of Two Maldivian islands. BOLLETTINO DELLA SOCIETÀ GEOGRAFICA ITALIANA, 3(2), 11-24 [10.36253/bsgi-1087].
Hazard, Resilience and Development. The Case of Two Maldivian islands
Marcella Schmidt di Friedberg;Stefano Malatesta;Elena dell'Agnese
2020
Abstract
Due to their geophysical structure, the Maldives face various natural hazards, such as coastal erosion, rising water levels, tsunamis and other climate-related disasters. In 2004, the country was affected by the Indian Ocean tsunami, with almost 12,000 displaced persons and a further 8,500 relocated inhabitants. In the context of the country’s efforts to achieve sustainable development and face climate change, disaster risk reduction and resilience capacity are key issues. The Government is working hard to implement the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risks Reduction 2015-2030, linked to Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement. The paper considers the cases of two islands in Dhaalu Atoll – Meedhoo and Rin’budhoo – both affected by the tsunami, where social and economic resilience produced two different models of development. The tsunami hit Meedhoo hard. The island economy depends on fishing and the main threats are its small size and soil erosion. Thus, in 2006 a large area around the island was reclaimed and in 2014 larger reclamation projects were started. Rin’budhoo was also severly impacted by the tsunami; there were two victims and a lot of infrastructural damage, forcing many people to migrate. However, for years local government has promoted no land reclamation. The recovery of the island started from its historical and cultural heritage and the revival of traditional crafts and goldsmithery, involving young people. Two islands, two different resilience stories.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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