The Effect of Material and Social Deprivation on Well-Being of Elderly in Europe

In this work, attention is paid to 2 explanatory factors of successful aging. The first is material deprivation. There is growing evidence that poverty is associated with the onset of physical and mental disorders and, broadly, with aspects such as life satisfaction and happiness. The second factor is social deprivation. Social exclusion affects health due to lack of emotional and concrete support; moreover, participation in social activities among older people is associated with greater longevity and a lower risk of disability. The study describes the effect of material and social deprivation on depression (measured through the EURO-D scale) and quality of life (through CASP-12 scale), for individuals aged 50 and older in 14 European countries. Data is derived from Wave 5 of the SHARE project. To estimate the effect of material and social deprivation on outcomes and to determine whether it is moderated by the country in which people live, we apply 2 multi-group path models, respectively, for people aged 65 or younger and for those aged 66 years or older. Findings indicate that higher material and social deprivation is associated with greater levels of stress and worse quality of life. The effect of social deprivation would be stronger than that of material deprivation, and this result seems to be valid in all countries considered, although their intensity varies significantly between them.