Background: Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during sensitive developmental windows, such as in utero, may influence disease later in life but direct measurement of fetal hormones is not feasible. The ratio of the length of the second finger digit to the fourth digit (2D:4D), a sexually dimorphic trait, is a biomarker of androgen levels and the androgen/estrogen balance in utero. However, it is unclear whether in utero EDC exposure might alter 2D:4D ratio. Aims: We examined 2D:4D ratio in Seveso children in relation to in utero exposure to a potent EDC, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) using linear regression. Study design: The Seveso Women's Health Study (SWHS) is a historical cohort study, following the health of women exposed to TCDD during a 1976 explosion in Seveso, Italy. Individual-level TCDD was measured for SWHS in serum collected soon after the accident. In 2014, the SWHS children born after the explosion were enrolled in the Seveso Second Generation Study. Subjects: 594 SWHS children born post-explosion to 397 mothers. Outcome measures: Right hand 2D:4D ratio. Results: On average, 2D:4D ratio for males was significantly lower than for females (p < 0.05). Overall, in utero TCDD exposure, either as maternal initial serum TCDD concentration or as TCDD extrapolated to pregnancy was not significantly associated with 2D:4D ratio in Seveso children. Results from all adjusted sensitivity analyses remained non-significant. Conclusions: Our results suggest in utero exposure to TCDD is not associated with alteration in 2D:4D ratio
Slama, N., Warner, M., Mocarelli, P., Brambilla, P., Eskenazi, B. (2019). The 2nd to 4th digit length ratio (2D:4D) among children of Seveso women exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. EARLY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, 131, 45-50 [10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.02.009].
The 2nd to 4th digit length ratio (2D:4D) among children of Seveso women exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
Mocarelli, Paolo;Brambilla, Paolo;
2019
Abstract
Background: Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during sensitive developmental windows, such as in utero, may influence disease later in life but direct measurement of fetal hormones is not feasible. The ratio of the length of the second finger digit to the fourth digit (2D:4D), a sexually dimorphic trait, is a biomarker of androgen levels and the androgen/estrogen balance in utero. However, it is unclear whether in utero EDC exposure might alter 2D:4D ratio. Aims: We examined 2D:4D ratio in Seveso children in relation to in utero exposure to a potent EDC, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) using linear regression. Study design: The Seveso Women's Health Study (SWHS) is a historical cohort study, following the health of women exposed to TCDD during a 1976 explosion in Seveso, Italy. Individual-level TCDD was measured for SWHS in serum collected soon after the accident. In 2014, the SWHS children born after the explosion were enrolled in the Seveso Second Generation Study. Subjects: 594 SWHS children born post-explosion to 397 mothers. Outcome measures: Right hand 2D:4D ratio. Results: On average, 2D:4D ratio for males was significantly lower than for females (p < 0.05). Overall, in utero TCDD exposure, either as maternal initial serum TCDD concentration or as TCDD extrapolated to pregnancy was not significantly associated with 2D:4D ratio in Seveso children. Results from all adjusted sensitivity analyses remained non-significant. Conclusions: Our results suggest in utero exposure to TCDD is not associated with alteration in 2D:4D ratio
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