Role of mesenchymal stem cells in osteotomy sinus graft healing: a case report and a literature review

Prosthetic rehabilitation of the edentulous posterior maxilla with implant-supported prostheses frequently presents a challenge for the oral surgeon because of the lack of bone due to alveolar ridge resorption or maxillary sinus pneumatization. To overcome these problems, different solutions were proposed over the years. Maxillary sinus membrane elevation is a common surgical technique for increasing bone height in the posterior maxilla prior to dental implant placement. However, the biological nature of bone regeneration in maxillary sinus membrane remains largely unidentified. The authors present a clinical case and literature review to understand the fundamental of bone formation in osteotomy sinus floor elevation