This dissertation wants to enrich the Economic Geography literature by investigating the case of heterogeneous agents operating under bounded rationality in complex spatial structures. In the first Chapter, I propose a flexible macroeconomic Agent-based model endowed with Households and Firms interacting on a given spatial network. The agents’ decision heuristics embed and reproduce the features usually employed in mainstream Economic Geography models, as relocation, migration, trade and transportation costs. This permits to check the emergence and stability of agglomerated configurations by the economic agents. The flexibility of the spatial structure, which consists in a network of locations provided in the initial calibration of the model, allows to check the results on a wide variety of spatial environments, including realistic ones. In the second Chapter, I extend the previous model for the analysis of Local policy. In this work I test different local policy measures under different theoretically-inspired scenarios which have been proven difficult to be compared in structures with multiple regions, bounded rationality and a dynamic setting. These include different forms of tax competition and of public spending. In the proposed extension Locations are treated as active agents and can set their local tax collection and revenues usage according to adaptive heuristics. Moreover, I test the same measures on an asymmetric and realistically calibrated spatial structure. While the results should be further refined before being taken as robust, the investigated policies seem to cause enhanced volatility of aggregate production and of unemployment rate. Changing the spatial structure affects the results.
Questa Tesi vuole arricchire la letteratura della Geografia Economica indagando il caso di agenti eterogenei che operano con razionalità limitata in strutture spaziali complesse. Nel primo capitolo, propongo un modello macroeconomico Agent-based flessibile, dotato di famiglie e imprese che interagiscono su un determinato network spaziale. L'euristica delle decisioni degli agenti incorpora e riproduce le caratteristiche solitamente utilizzate nei modelli di Economia Geografica tradizionale, come trasferimenti e migrazione, commercio, e costi di trasporto. Ciò consente di verificare l'emergere e la stabilità delle configurazioni agglomerate da parte degli agenti economici. La flessibilità della struttura spaziale, che consiste in un network di posizioni fornite nella calibrazione iniziale del modello, consente di verificare i risultati sopra un'ampia varietà di strutture spaziali, potenzialmente realistiche. Nel secondo capitolo, estendo il modello precedente per l'analisi delle politiche pubbliche locali. In questo lavoro metto alla prova diverse misure di intervento locale in diversi scenari ispirati dalla teoria che si sono dimostrati difficili da affrontare in strutture dinamiche con più regioni e con agenti dalla razionalità limitata. Questi includono diverse forme di concorrenza fiscale e di spesa pubblica. Nell'estensione proposta, le posizioni vengono trattate come agenti attivi e possono impostare la riscossione delle imposte locali e l'utilizzo delle entrate in base ad euristiche adattative. Inoltre, analizzo le stesse misure su una struttura spaziale asimmetrica e realisticamente calibrata. Mentre i risultati dovrebbero essere ulteriormente affinati prima di essere considerati robusti, le politiche pubbliche investigate sembrano causare una maggiore volatilità della produzione aggregata e del tasso di disoccupazione. Cambiare la struttura spaziale influisce sui risultati.
(2018). Heterogeneity in Space: An Agent-based Economic Geography model. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2018).
Heterogeneity in Space: An Agent-based Economic Geography model
RIZZATI, MASSIMILIANO CARLO PIETRO
2018
Abstract
This dissertation wants to enrich the Economic Geography literature by investigating the case of heterogeneous agents operating under bounded rationality in complex spatial structures. In the first Chapter, I propose a flexible macroeconomic Agent-based model endowed with Households and Firms interacting on a given spatial network. The agents’ decision heuristics embed and reproduce the features usually employed in mainstream Economic Geography models, as relocation, migration, trade and transportation costs. This permits to check the emergence and stability of agglomerated configurations by the economic agents. The flexibility of the spatial structure, which consists in a network of locations provided in the initial calibration of the model, allows to check the results on a wide variety of spatial environments, including realistic ones. In the second Chapter, I extend the previous model for the analysis of Local policy. In this work I test different local policy measures under different theoretically-inspired scenarios which have been proven difficult to be compared in structures with multiple regions, bounded rationality and a dynamic setting. These include different forms of tax competition and of public spending. In the proposed extension Locations are treated as active agents and can set their local tax collection and revenues usage according to adaptive heuristics. Moreover, I test the same measures on an asymmetric and realistically calibrated spatial structure. While the results should be further refined before being taken as robust, the investigated policies seem to cause enhanced volatility of aggregate production and of unemployment rate. Changing the spatial structure affects the results.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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