Limited information is available on whether and to what extent the different patterns of the nocturnal blood pressure profile reported in hypertension are characterized by differences in sympathetic drive that may relate to, and account for, the different day-night blood pressure changes. In 34 untreated middle-aged essential hypertensive dippers, 17 extreme dippers, 18 nondippers, and 10 reverse dippers, we assessed muscle sympathetic nerve traffic, heart rate, and beat-to-beat arterial blood pressure at rest and during baroreceptor deactivation and stimulation. Measurements were also performed in 17 age-matched dipper normotensives. All patients displayed reproducible blood pressure patterns at 2 different monitoring sessions. The 4 hypertensive groups did not differ by gender or 24-hour or daytime blood pressure. Muscle sympathetic nerve traffic was significantly higher in nondipper, dipper, and extreme dipper hypertensives than in normotensive controls (58.6+/-1.8, 55.6+/-0.9, and 53.3+/-0.8 versus 43.5+/-1.4 bursts/100 heartbeats, respectively; P<0.01 for all), a further significant increase being detected in reverse dippers (76.8+/-3.1 bursts/100 heartbeats; P<0.05). Compared with normotensives, baroreflex-heart rate control was similarly impaired in all the 4 hypertensive states, whereas baroreflex-sympathetic control was preserved. The day-night blood pressure difference correlated inversely with sympathetic nerve traffic (r=-0.76; P<0.0001) and homeostasis model assessment index (r=-0.32; P<0.005). Thus, the reverse dipping state is characterized by a sympathetic activation greater for magnitude than that seen in the other conditions displaying abnormalities in nighttime blood pressure pattern. The present data suggest that in hypertension, sympathetic activation represents a mechanism potentially responsible for the day-night blood pressure difference.

Grassi, G., Seravalle, G., QUARTI TREVANO, F., Dell'Oro, R., Bombelli, M., Cuspidi, C., et al. (2008). Adrenergic, metabolic, and reflex abnormalities in reverse and extreme dipper hypertensives. HYPERTENSION, 52(5), 925-931 [10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.116368].

Adrenergic, metabolic, and reflex abnormalities in reverse and extreme dipper hypertensives

GRASSI, GUIDO
;
QUARTI TREVANO, FOSCA ANNA LUISA;DELL'ORO, RAFFAELLA;BOMBELLI, MICHELE;CUSPIDI, CESARE;FACCHETTI, RITA LUCIA;MANCIA, GIUSEPPE
2008

Abstract

Limited information is available on whether and to what extent the different patterns of the nocturnal blood pressure profile reported in hypertension are characterized by differences in sympathetic drive that may relate to, and account for, the different day-night blood pressure changes. In 34 untreated middle-aged essential hypertensive dippers, 17 extreme dippers, 18 nondippers, and 10 reverse dippers, we assessed muscle sympathetic nerve traffic, heart rate, and beat-to-beat arterial blood pressure at rest and during baroreceptor deactivation and stimulation. Measurements were also performed in 17 age-matched dipper normotensives. All patients displayed reproducible blood pressure patterns at 2 different monitoring sessions. The 4 hypertensive groups did not differ by gender or 24-hour or daytime blood pressure. Muscle sympathetic nerve traffic was significantly higher in nondipper, dipper, and extreme dipper hypertensives than in normotensive controls (58.6+/-1.8, 55.6+/-0.9, and 53.3+/-0.8 versus 43.5+/-1.4 bursts/100 heartbeats, respectively; P<0.01 for all), a further significant increase being detected in reverse dippers (76.8+/-3.1 bursts/100 heartbeats; P<0.05). Compared with normotensives, baroreflex-heart rate control was similarly impaired in all the 4 hypertensive states, whereas baroreflex-sympathetic control was preserved. The day-night blood pressure difference correlated inversely with sympathetic nerve traffic (r=-0.76; P<0.0001) and homeostasis model assessment index (r=-0.32; P<0.005). Thus, the reverse dipping state is characterized by a sympathetic activation greater for magnitude than that seen in the other conditions displaying abnormalities in nighttime blood pressure pattern. The present data suggest that in hypertension, sympathetic activation represents a mechanism potentially responsible for the day-night blood pressure difference.
Articolo in rivista - Articolo scientifico
Ambulatory blood pressure; Baroreflex; Extreme dipping; Hypertension; Reverse dipping; Sympathetic activity;
English
2008
52
5
925
931
none
Grassi, G., Seravalle, G., QUARTI TREVANO, F., Dell'Oro, R., Bombelli, M., Cuspidi, C., et al. (2008). Adrenergic, metabolic, and reflex abnormalities in reverse and extreme dipper hypertensives. HYPERTENSION, 52(5), 925-931 [10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.116368].
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10281/21684
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