This work explores the place of genealogies in the social life of contemporary Yemen and their relationship with the legacy of past hierarchical organisation. Despite the fact that status distinctions grounded on genealogical origin were formally abolished in 1962 together with slavery, the historical legacy of the ancestors has continued to inform the construction of individual and collectives selves. Drawing on 18 months of fieldwork in the Old City of Ṣanʿāʾ and in the Yemeni countryside, this work addresses the connection between genealogical origin, status and the division of labour, by focusing on two groups of ‘outsiders’: 1) Beni al-Khumus, Arab people ‘lacking of origins’ that stands on the margins of Yemenite traditional hierarchy and are associated with stigmatised tasks of the service sector; 2) Sayyids, descendants of the Prophet Mohammed. How is stigma produced and attached to families and crafts? How does it related to the division of labour and to local notions of a moral economy? How does ancestral legacy affect social mobility and access to the labour market? How does it shape the transmission of specialised and incorporated knowledge? This work addresses these and other questions, bringing into focus the fundamental role of what Andrew Shryock has defined as the ‘genealogical thought’ in weaving together past and present by crafting selves in accordance with the legacy of the ancestors. Moreover, introducing the notion of ‘genealogical capital’, it brings to the foreground the reproduction of the Yemenite caste-like society through the incorporation of objective structures of power.
Questo lavoro esplora il ruolo delle genealogie nella vita sociale dello Yemen contemporaneo ed il loro legame con l'organizzazione gerarchica tradizionale. Nonostante le distinzioni di status fondate sull'origine genealogica siano state formalmente abolite nel 1962, il retaggio storico degli antenati continua ad influenzare la costruzione di soggetti antropologici individuali e collettivi. Basandosi su 18 mesi di ricerca di campo nella città vecchia di Ṣanʿāʾ e nelle campagne yemenite, questo lavoro indaga le relazioni tra origine genealogica, status e divisione del lavoro, concentrandosi su due gruppi di ‘outsider’: 1) i Beni al-Khumus, arabi che mancano d'origine associati a servizi stigmatizzati e considerati un gruppo gerarchicamente marginale; 2) i Sayyid, discendenti del Profeta Maometto. Com'è socialmente prodotto lo stigma e come è associato a famiglie e mestieri? Com'è correlato alla divisione del lavoro e a concezioni locali di economia morale? Qual è il ruolo del retaggio degli antenati nell'influenzare i processi di mobilità sociale e l'accesso al mercato del lavoro? Come plasma la trasmissione della conoscenza specialistica incorporata? Questo lavoro affronta queste ed altre domande enfatizzando la centralità del ‘pensiero genealogico’ nel legare passato e presente, costruendo soggetti antropologici in accordo con il retaggio degli antenati. Introducendo la nozione di ‘capitale genealogico’, inoltre, porta in primo piano la riproduzione della società di casta yemenita a mezzo dell'incorporazione di strutture oggettive di potere.
(2015). Blood doesn't Lie: Hierarchy and Inclusion/Exclusion in Contemporary Yemen. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2015).
Blood doesn't Lie: Hierarchy and Inclusion/Exclusion in Contemporary Yemen
NEVOLA, LUCA
2015
Abstract
This work explores the place of genealogies in the social life of contemporary Yemen and their relationship with the legacy of past hierarchical organisation. Despite the fact that status distinctions grounded on genealogical origin were formally abolished in 1962 together with slavery, the historical legacy of the ancestors has continued to inform the construction of individual and collectives selves. Drawing on 18 months of fieldwork in the Old City of Ṣanʿāʾ and in the Yemeni countryside, this work addresses the connection between genealogical origin, status and the division of labour, by focusing on two groups of ‘outsiders’: 1) Beni al-Khumus, Arab people ‘lacking of origins’ that stands on the margins of Yemenite traditional hierarchy and are associated with stigmatised tasks of the service sector; 2) Sayyids, descendants of the Prophet Mohammed. How is stigma produced and attached to families and crafts? How does it related to the division of labour and to local notions of a moral economy? How does ancestral legacy affect social mobility and access to the labour market? How does it shape the transmission of specialised and incorporated knowledge? This work addresses these and other questions, bringing into focus the fundamental role of what Andrew Shryock has defined as the ‘genealogical thought’ in weaving together past and present by crafting selves in accordance with the legacy of the ancestors. Moreover, introducing the notion of ‘genealogical capital’, it brings to the foreground the reproduction of the Yemenite caste-like society through the incorporation of objective structures of power.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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PhD_unimib_064148.pdf
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Descrizione: Tesi dottorato
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Doctoral thesis
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21.25 MB
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