The research analyses the Valutazione Integrata Partecipata della performance (VIP) project (VIP) project of the Legislative Assembly of the Emilia-Romagna Region, with the aim of exploring how participatory evaluation is developed in public administration. It is conceived as an evaluative decision-making process that produces a judgement about performance by engaging internal and external stakeholders of the organization being assessed. The theoretical framework combines two fields of study. On the one hand, participatory evaluation is contextualized within the broader domain of performance evaluation, taking into account the governance paradigms that have guided transformations in the public sector over recent decades. Within this framework, the main features, dimensions, and applications of participatory evaluation are examined, with particular attention to the Italian public administration and to Guidelines No. 4/2019 of the Department of Public Administration. On the other hand, the research introduces the perspective of sensemaking, developed in organizational studies primarily through the work of Weick (1995), and adopted here as an analytical lens to interpret the development of VIP. From a methodological standpoint, the research adopts a qualitative approach inspired by the constructivist grounded theory of Charmaz (2014). Data collection included semi- structured interviews with participants involved in the implementation of VIP, complemented by participant observation and document analysis of materials produced by the responsible organization. The observation took place during the doctoral research period and required explicit reflection on the researcher’s positionality. Data analysis followed an iterative and recursive process, intertwining activities of coding, memoing, and interpretation. The findings show that VIP evolved along the boundary between formalization and participation. The evaluation objects, initially defined through a process of formalization, were subsequently reinterpreted in different ways by the actors involved. In a context characterized by ambiguity, the process required practices of interpretation and enactment — often taking the form of experimentation — and produced heterogeneous outcomes influenced both by the degree of involvement and the roles of participants, as well as by their perception of the project’s novelty and usefulness. Evaluation was thus understood and enacted mainly as an activity oriented toward improvement and the assessment of stakeholder satisfaction. Participation concerned a specific category of stakeholders, namely the recipients of the services provided by the Assembly’s departments involved in VIP. These stakeholders were selected in a closed and controlled manner and took part according to consultative modalities, thereby exposing the project to the risk of merely formal participation. The results were also analyzed to assess whether participatory evaluation could mark a discontinuity with the predominantly rationalistic and self-referential model underpinning public-sector performance management, and to identify the factors shaping its development. In conclusion, the study provides two main contributions to the field of participatory evaluation research. The first concerns the adoption of sensemaking as a perspective capable of “thematizing” participatory evaluation, moving beyond the rhetoric often associated with participation and focusing instead on the processes through which meaning is constructed. The second contribution lies in the analytical use of Guidelines No. 4/2019 as a heuristic tool to investigate project design choices and the organizational and cultural factors that shape the development of participatory evaluation within public administration.
La ricerca analizza il progetto Valutazione Integrata Partecipata della performance (VIP) dell’Assemblea legislativa della Regione Emilia-Romagna, con l’obiettivo di esplorare come è implementata la valutazione partecipativa, in quanto processo decisionale finalizzato alla formulazione di un giudizio sulla performance mediante il coinvolgimento di stakeholder interni ed esterni all’ente valutato. Il quadro teorico coniuga due campi di studio. Da un lato, la valutazione partecipativa è contestualizzata nell’ambito della valutazione della performance, considerando i paradigmi di governance che hanno guidato le trasformazioni del settore pubblico negli ultimi decenni; in questa cornice se ne esaminano caratteristiche, dimensioni e applicazioni, con particolare attenzione alla p.a. italiana e alle Linee guida n. 4/2019 del Dipartimento della Funzione Pubblica. Dall’altro lato, è introdotta la prospettiva del sensemaking, sviluppata negli studi organizzativi soprattutto grazie a Weick (1995) e adottata come lente analitica per leggere lo sviluppo di VIP. Sul piano metodologico, la ricerca si basa su un approccio qualitativo ispirato alla grounded theory costruttivista di Charmaz (2014). Sono state condotte interviste semistrutturate con i soggetti coinvolti nell’applicazione di VIP, affiancate dall’osservazione partecipante e dall’analisi documentale dei materiali prodotti dall’ente responsabile. L’osservazione si è svolta durante il periodo di studio e ricerca previsto dal dottorato, richiedendo una riflessione esplicita sul posizionamento del ricercatore. L’analisi dei dati è proceduta in modo iterativo e ricorsivo, intrecciando attività di coding, memoing e interpretazione. I risultati mostrano come VIP si sia sviluppato lungo il crinale tra formalizzazione e partecipazione. Gli oggetti valutativi, delineati in una fase iniziale di formalizzazione, sono stati successivamente ridefiniti in modo differenziato dagli attori coinvolti. In uno scenario caratterizzato da ambiguità, il percorso ha richiesto pratiche di interpretazione e di enactment — spesso in forma di sperimentazione — e ha prodotto esiti eterogenei, influenzati sia dal coinvolgimento e dal ruolo degli attori, sia dalla loro percezione di novità e utilità del progetto. La valutazione è stata così interpretata e agita soprattutto come attività orientata al miglioramento e alla rilevazione della soddisfazione degli stakeholder. La partecipazione ha riguardato una categoria specifica di stakeholder, ossia i destinatari dei servizi delle aree dell’Assemblea coinvolte: essi sono stati selezionati in forma prevalentemente chiusa e controllata e hanno partecipato secondo modalità riconducibili alla consultazione, esponendo il progetto al rischio di una partecipazione formale. I risultati sono stati inoltre analizzati alla luce dell’ipotesi che la valutazione partecipativa potesse rappresentare una rottura rispetto al modello prevalentemente razionalistico e autoreferenziale alla base del sistema di performance management della p.a., esaminando anche i fattori che ne condizionano lo sviluppo. Per concludere, lo studio offre due contributi alla ricerca sulla valutazione partecipativa: il primo riguarda l’adozione del sensemaking in quanto prospettiva in grado di “tematizzare” la valutazione partecipativa, andando oltre la retorica che spesso accompagna il concetto di partecipazione e soffermandosi sui processi di costruzione di significato; il secondo consiste nell’uso analitico delle Linee guida n. 4/2019 in qualità di strumento euristico per indagare le scelte progettuali e i fattori che condizionano lo sviluppo della valutazione partecipativa nella pubblica amministrazione.
Tartivita, F (2026). La valutazione partecipativa nella pubblica amministrazione: il progetto VIP tra pratiche, significati e prospettive. (Tesi di dottorato, , 2026).
La valutazione partecipativa nella pubblica amministrazione: il progetto VIP tra pratiche, significati e prospettive
TARTIVITA, FORTUNATO CARLO
2026
Abstract
The research analyses the Valutazione Integrata Partecipata della performance (VIP) project (VIP) project of the Legislative Assembly of the Emilia-Romagna Region, with the aim of exploring how participatory evaluation is developed in public administration. It is conceived as an evaluative decision-making process that produces a judgement about performance by engaging internal and external stakeholders of the organization being assessed. The theoretical framework combines two fields of study. On the one hand, participatory evaluation is contextualized within the broader domain of performance evaluation, taking into account the governance paradigms that have guided transformations in the public sector over recent decades. Within this framework, the main features, dimensions, and applications of participatory evaluation are examined, with particular attention to the Italian public administration and to Guidelines No. 4/2019 of the Department of Public Administration. On the other hand, the research introduces the perspective of sensemaking, developed in organizational studies primarily through the work of Weick (1995), and adopted here as an analytical lens to interpret the development of VIP. From a methodological standpoint, the research adopts a qualitative approach inspired by the constructivist grounded theory of Charmaz (2014). Data collection included semi- structured interviews with participants involved in the implementation of VIP, complemented by participant observation and document analysis of materials produced by the responsible organization. The observation took place during the doctoral research period and required explicit reflection on the researcher’s positionality. Data analysis followed an iterative and recursive process, intertwining activities of coding, memoing, and interpretation. The findings show that VIP evolved along the boundary between formalization and participation. The evaluation objects, initially defined through a process of formalization, were subsequently reinterpreted in different ways by the actors involved. In a context characterized by ambiguity, the process required practices of interpretation and enactment — often taking the form of experimentation — and produced heterogeneous outcomes influenced both by the degree of involvement and the roles of participants, as well as by their perception of the project’s novelty and usefulness. Evaluation was thus understood and enacted mainly as an activity oriented toward improvement and the assessment of stakeholder satisfaction. Participation concerned a specific category of stakeholders, namely the recipients of the services provided by the Assembly’s departments involved in VIP. These stakeholders were selected in a closed and controlled manner and took part according to consultative modalities, thereby exposing the project to the risk of merely formal participation. The results were also analyzed to assess whether participatory evaluation could mark a discontinuity with the predominantly rationalistic and self-referential model underpinning public-sector performance management, and to identify the factors shaping its development. In conclusion, the study provides two main contributions to the field of participatory evaluation research. The first concerns the adoption of sensemaking as a perspective capable of “thematizing” participatory evaluation, moving beyond the rhetoric often associated with participation and focusing instead on the processes through which meaning is constructed. The second contribution lies in the analytical use of Guidelines No. 4/2019 as a heuristic tool to investigate project design choices and the organizational and cultural factors that shape the development of participatory evaluation within public administration.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: La valutazione partecipativa nella pubblica amministrazione: il progetto VIP tra pratiche, significati e prospettive
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Doctoral thesis
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