Liquefaction is a complex phenomenon which could lead to several damages in building and infrastructure. It is generally identified as the loose of strength and stiffness of a soil by earthquake shaking or other dynamic loading. Fully understanding its mechanism remains one of the challenges of earthquake-related geotechnical engineering, as geomaterials do not exhibit identical reactions under similar seismic conditions. From Niigata earthquake in 1964, many researchers have shown interest in this field and have worked to study this phenomenon. This PhD thesis is focus on analysis of liquefiable soils starting from a simplified method and then exploring the advanced methods, by means of study of two real cases, which involve different geotechnical structure. The objective is to provide a full method of analysis in liquefaction field, focusing most of all on laboratory equipment which better simulate the dynamic behaviour of the soil. For getting this result, the work has been developed in more phasis focused mostly on experimental, theoretical and numerical study; this path represents the typical and peculiar engineering approach for analysing a real phenomenon. In situ tests are considered as a starting point in liquefaction assessment, since they provide the Factor of Safety of soil under investigation, necessary for further analysis. Laboratory equipment allow to test the material in order to evaluate its susceptibility to liquefaction, but most of all to define reliable curve to be used in constitutive modelling calibration. For this purpose, several cyclic triaxial test have been performed, load-controlled and strain-controlled, in order to define a testing procedure to obtain high quality results. A final analysis by means of numerical modelling based on real test calibration, allows to make prediction not only about susceptibility but also about the actual effects of liquefaction on structure. The work presented reinforces the possibility of using the combination of in-situ testing, laboratory testing, constitutive modelling and numerical analysis to obtain reliable results as described above. This research project was funded by Matest Spa, leader in manufacturer of material testing equipment for the construction industry. Matest has shown great interest in the development of new technologies in the field of dynamic (and static) triaxial machines, mostly linked with tests focused on liquefaction studies. This results in increasing the internal know-how and to improve the machines performance (in terms of hardware and software).

La liquefazione è un fenomeno complesso che potrebbe causare numerosi danni agli edifici e alle infrastrutture. È generalmente identificato come la perdita di resistenza e rigidità di un terreno a causa di scosse sismiche o altri carichi dinamici. Comprendere appieno il suo meccanismo rimane una delle sfide dell’ingegneria geotecnica legata ai terremoti, poiché i geomateriali non mostrano reazioni identiche in condizioni sismiche simili. Dal terremoto di Niigata del 1964, molti ricercatori hanno mostrato interesse per questo campo e si sono impegnati per studiare questo fenomeno. Questa tesi di dottorato si concentra sull'analisi dei terreni liquefacibili partendo da un metodo semplificato per poi esplorare i metodi avanzati, attraverso lo studio di due casi reali, che coinvolgono diverse strutture geotecniche. L'obiettivo è quello di fornire un metodo completo di analisi nel campo della liquefazione, concentrandosi soprattutto su apparecchiature di laboratorio che meglio simulino il comportamento dinamico del terreno. Per ottenere questo risultato, il lavoro è stato sviluppato in più fasi focalizzate principalmente sullo studio sperimentale, teorico e numerico; questo percorso rappresenta il tipico e peculiare approccio ingegneristico per l'analisi di un fenomeno reale. Le prove in situ sono considerate come punto di partenza nella valutazione della liquefazione, poiché forniscono il Fattore di Sicurezza del terreno in esame, necessario per ulteriori analisi. Le apparecchiature di laboratorio consentono di testare il materiale per valutare la sua suscettibilità alla liquefazione, ma soprattutto per definire una curva affidabile da utilizzare nella calibrazione della modellazione costitutiva. A questo scopo sono state eseguite diverse prove triassiali cicliche, a carico controllato e a deformazione controllata, al fine di definire una procedura di prova per ottenere risultati di alta qualità. Un'analisi finale mediante modellazione numerica basata sulla calibrazione di test reali, consente di fare previsioni non solo sulla suscettibilità ma anche sugli effetti reali della liquefazione sulla struttura. Il lavoro presentato rafforza la possibilità di utilizzare la combinazione di test in situ, test di laboratorio, modellazione costitutiva e analisi numerica per ottenere risultati affidabili come descritto sopra. Questo progetto di ricerca è stato finanziato da Matest Spa, azienda leader nella produzione di apparecchiature per prove sui materiali per il settore edile. Matest ha mostrato grande interesse per lo sviluppo di nuove tecnologie nel campo delle macchine triassiali dinamiche (e statiche), per lo più legate a test focalizzati sullo studio della liquefazione. Ciò si traduce nell'incremento del know-how interno e nel miglioramento delle prestazioni delle macchine (in termini di hardware e software).

(2024). Methodological approach to predict liquefaction effects on geo-structures: laboratory tests on real cases. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2024).

Methodological approach to predict liquefaction effects on geo-structures: laboratory tests on real cases

ROMICE, FRANCESCA
2024

Abstract

Liquefaction is a complex phenomenon which could lead to several damages in building and infrastructure. It is generally identified as the loose of strength and stiffness of a soil by earthquake shaking or other dynamic loading. Fully understanding its mechanism remains one of the challenges of earthquake-related geotechnical engineering, as geomaterials do not exhibit identical reactions under similar seismic conditions. From Niigata earthquake in 1964, many researchers have shown interest in this field and have worked to study this phenomenon. This PhD thesis is focus on analysis of liquefiable soils starting from a simplified method and then exploring the advanced methods, by means of study of two real cases, which involve different geotechnical structure. The objective is to provide a full method of analysis in liquefaction field, focusing most of all on laboratory equipment which better simulate the dynamic behaviour of the soil. For getting this result, the work has been developed in more phasis focused mostly on experimental, theoretical and numerical study; this path represents the typical and peculiar engineering approach for analysing a real phenomenon. In situ tests are considered as a starting point in liquefaction assessment, since they provide the Factor of Safety of soil under investigation, necessary for further analysis. Laboratory equipment allow to test the material in order to evaluate its susceptibility to liquefaction, but most of all to define reliable curve to be used in constitutive modelling calibration. For this purpose, several cyclic triaxial test have been performed, load-controlled and strain-controlled, in order to define a testing procedure to obtain high quality results. A final analysis by means of numerical modelling based on real test calibration, allows to make prediction not only about susceptibility but also about the actual effects of liquefaction on structure. The work presented reinforces the possibility of using the combination of in-situ testing, laboratory testing, constitutive modelling and numerical analysis to obtain reliable results as described above. This research project was funded by Matest Spa, leader in manufacturer of material testing equipment for the construction industry. Matest has shown great interest in the development of new technologies in the field of dynamic (and static) triaxial machines, mostly linked with tests focused on liquefaction studies. This results in increasing the internal know-how and to improve the machines performance (in terms of hardware and software).
CASTELLANZA, RICCARDO PIETRO
CROSTA, GIOVANNI
Liquefazione; Test di laboratorio; Triassiale ciclica; Modelli costitutivi; Analisi numerica
Liquefaction; Laboratory test; Cyclic triaxial; Constitutive model; Numerical analysis
GEO/05 - GEOLOGIA APPLICATA
English
21-feb-2024
36
2022/2023
open
(2024). Methodological approach to predict liquefaction effects on geo-structures: laboratory tests on real cases. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2024).
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10281/461827
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