Economic inequality and corruption are two harmful social phenomena, whose causes are linked by a recursive relationship (“Inequality Trap”). In the first 3 studies we investigated this phenomenon by manipulating the perception of economic inequality and corruption using a fantasy scenario, within which we measured the participants' perception of economic inequality, corruption, their reaction of anger,their intentions aimed at reducing economic inequality and corruption and their preferences regarding tax rates. In all samples, we consistently found that exposure to higher levels of economic inequality and corruption increased participants' willingness to engage in actions to tackle economic inequality and corruption, respectively. The effects of the manipulations were completely mediated by their anger response. Exposure to higher levels of economic inequality raised participants' anger levels which, in turn, significantly predicted their willingness to tackle corruption (and vice versa). The inequality trap affects people's behavioral intentions at least on an emotional level. We used the same scenario in two other studies, but we manipulated one phenomenon at a time and evaluated the participants 'inferences about the other, while measuring the participants' emotional responses in terms of anger and hope, their behavioral intentions to counteract inequality. economic and corruption and their preferences for equality. The results showed that people use corruption information to make inferences about economic inequality and economic inequality information to make inferences about corruption. Furthermore, we have found that inferences regarding the corruption of participants lead them to raise their behavioral intentions to counter economic inequality, but their inferences regarding economic inequality do not lead them to manifest higher levels of behavioral intentions to reduce corruption. We explained this result by assuming that people can show a greater tolerance towards economic inequality than corruption and perceive the former more negatively when they infer the relationship with corruption. Finally, we have done two studies that explore this speculation. We found a consistent tolerance of economic inequality over corruption, meaning that participants were more willing to tolerate higher levels than the former as long as it meant lower levels than the latter. This tolerance was not affected by the manipulation of salience.

La disuguaglianza economica e la corruzione sono due fenomeni sociali dannosi, le cui cause sono legate da una relazione ricorsiva (“Inequality Trap”). Nei primi 3 studi abbiamo indagato tale fenomeno manipolando la percezione della disuguaglianza economica e della corruzione usando uno scenario di fantasia, all’interno del quale abbiamo misurato la percezione dei partecipanti della disuguaglianza economica, della corruzione, la loro reazione di rabbia, le loro intenzioni comportamentali volte a ridurre la disuguaglianza economica e la corruzione e le loro preferenze riguardo alle aliquote fiscali. In tutti i campioni, abbiamo costantemente riscontrato che l'esposizione a livelli più elevati di disuguaglianza economica e corruzione ha aumentato la volontà dei partecipanti di impegnarsi in azioni per contrastare rispettivamente la disuguaglianza economica e la corruzione. Gli effetti delle manipolazioni sono stati completamente mediati dalla loro risposta di rabbia. L'esposizione a livelli più elevati di disuguaglianza economica ha sollevato i livelli di rabbia dei partecipanti che, a sua volta, ha predetto in modo significativo la loro volontà di contrastare la corruzione (e viceversa). L’inequality trap influenza le intenzioni comportamentali delle persone almeno a livello emotivo. Abbiamo utilizzato lo stesso scenario in altri due studi, ma abbiamo manipolato un fenomeno alla volta e valutato le inferenze dei partecipanti sull'altro, misurando al contempo le risposte emotive dei partecipanti in termini di rabbia e speranza, le loro intenzioni comportamentali per contrastare la disuguaglianza economica e la corruzione e le loro preferenze di uguaglianza. I risultati hanno mostrato che le persone usano le informazioni sulla corruzione per trarre inferenze sulla disuguaglianza economica e le informazioni sulla disuguaglianza economica per trarre inferenze sulla corruzione. Inoltre, abbiamo riscontrato che le inferenze riguardo alla corruzione dei partecipanti li portano ad innalzare le loro intenzioni comportamentali per contrastare la disuguaglianza economica, ma le loro inferenze riguardo la disuguaglianza economica non li portano a manifestare livelli più alti di intenzioni comportamentali per ridurre la corruzione. Abbiamo spiegato questo risultato ipotizzando che le persone possano mostrare una maggiore tolleranza verso la disuguaglianza economica rispetto alla corruzione e percepire la prima più negativamente quando ne deducono il rapporto con la corruzione. Infine, abbiamo svolto due studi che esplorano questa speculazione. Abbiamo riscontrato una tolleranza coerente della disuguaglianza economica sulla corruzione, il che significa che i partecipanti erano più disposti a tollerare livelli più alti della prima purché ciò significasse avere livelli più bassi della seconda. Tale tolleranza non è stata influenzata dalla manipolazione della salienza.

(2023). The Inequality Trap: psychological antecedents of the behavioural intentions to reduce economic inequality and corruption. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023).

The Inequality Trap: psychological antecedents of the behavioural intentions to reduce economic inequality and corruption

SALA, GIULIA
2023

Abstract

Economic inequality and corruption are two harmful social phenomena, whose causes are linked by a recursive relationship (“Inequality Trap”). In the first 3 studies we investigated this phenomenon by manipulating the perception of economic inequality and corruption using a fantasy scenario, within which we measured the participants' perception of economic inequality, corruption, their reaction of anger,their intentions aimed at reducing economic inequality and corruption and their preferences regarding tax rates. In all samples, we consistently found that exposure to higher levels of economic inequality and corruption increased participants' willingness to engage in actions to tackle economic inequality and corruption, respectively. The effects of the manipulations were completely mediated by their anger response. Exposure to higher levels of economic inequality raised participants' anger levels which, in turn, significantly predicted their willingness to tackle corruption (and vice versa). The inequality trap affects people's behavioral intentions at least on an emotional level. We used the same scenario in two other studies, but we manipulated one phenomenon at a time and evaluated the participants 'inferences about the other, while measuring the participants' emotional responses in terms of anger and hope, their behavioral intentions to counteract inequality. economic and corruption and their preferences for equality. The results showed that people use corruption information to make inferences about economic inequality and economic inequality information to make inferences about corruption. Furthermore, we have found that inferences regarding the corruption of participants lead them to raise their behavioral intentions to counter economic inequality, but their inferences regarding economic inequality do not lead them to manifest higher levels of behavioral intentions to reduce corruption. We explained this result by assuming that people can show a greater tolerance towards economic inequality than corruption and perceive the former more negatively when they infer the relationship with corruption. Finally, we have done two studies that explore this speculation. We found a consistent tolerance of economic inequality over corruption, meaning that participants were more willing to tolerate higher levels than the former as long as it meant lower levels than the latter. This tolerance was not affected by the manipulation of salience.
DURANTE, FEDERICA
FASOLI, FABIO
disuguaglianza; corruzione; protesta; intenzioni; rabbia
inequality; corruption; protest; intentions; anger
M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE
Italian
22-feb-2023
35
2021/2022
open
(2023). The Inequality Trap: psychological antecedents of the behavioural intentions to reduce economic inequality and corruption. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023).
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10281/414856
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