The dominance of the left cerebral hemisphere (LH) over the right one (RH) for reading is widely recognized in the domain of cognitive neuroscience. However, it is still not clear whether such dominance is underlaid by a complete word blindness of the RH (absolute LH dominance) or by poorer/weaker lexical representations in the RH than in the LH (relative dominance). According to the first account, reading should be impossible when the visual word form system of the LH is lesioned and both afferent and efferent connections with the rest of the LH are interrupted by the lesion. Also, according to this account, hemispheric differences in lateralized reading in healthy subjects are explained by greater sensitivity of the RH than the LH to pre-lexical orthographic processing factors. According to the framework advocating a relative LH dominance for reading and suggesting poorer lexical orthographic abilities of the RH than the LH, reading should be possible even in case of lesion and disconnection of the LH reading system, although limited to frequent and/or concrete words. Accordingly, hemispheric differences in lateralized reading in healthy subjects should be explained by lexical-semantic factors. The predictions of these models were tested by means of a behavioral and structural disconnectome study on a patient with Pure Alexia, and two divided visual field reading studies (conducted on healthy right-handed and left-and right-handed subjects, respectively) in which pre-lexical and lexical factors were manipulated. Evidence of residual reading abilities in case of a LH visual word form system lesioned with both afferent and efferent connections with the rest of the LH being interrupted, together with evidence of a lexical effect accounting for visual field/hemisphere differences in lateralized reading supported the view of a relative LH dominance, according to the idea of the existence of a poorer/weaker orthographic lexicon in the RH. A computational modelling study conducted to simulate the development of orthographic representations in the two hemispheres suggested that weaker orthographic representations in the RH than in the LH -giving rise to such relative LH advantage for reading- could be due to inefficient consolidation of orthographic knowledge in the RH.
La dominanza dell’emisfero cerebrale sinistro (ES) sul destro (ED) nell’ambito della lettura è ampiamente riconosciuto nell’ambito delle neuroscienze cognitive. Tuttavia, non è ancora chiaro se questa dominanza sia basata sulla completa cecità verbale dell’ED (dominanza assoluta dell’ES), o sulla presenza di rappresentazioni più deboli o minori in numero nell’ED rispetto all’ES (dominanza relativa dell’ES). In linea con la prima ipotesi, leggere dovrebbe essere impossibile se il “sistema delle rappresentazioni visive delle parole” nell’ES è lesionato e sia le connessioni afferenti ed efferenti di quest’area con il resto dell’ES sono interrotte dalla lesione. Inoltre, secondo questa ipotesi, le differenze emisferiche all’interno dei compiti di lettura lateralizzata sono spiegabili in termini di una maggiore sensibilità dell’ED rispetto all’ES a fattori di elaborazione ortografici pre-lessicali. Secondo l’approccio che propone una dominanza relativa dell’ES per la lettura e che suggerisce l’esistenza di abilità lessicali più limitate nell’ED rispetto all’ES, la lettura dovrebbe essere possibile anche in caso di lesione e disconnessione del “sistema delle rappresentazioni visive delle parole” nell’ES, sebbene limitata a parole frequenti e/o concrete. In linea con questo approccio, le differenze emisferiche in compiti di lettura lateralizzata sarebbero spiegabili da variabili semantico-lessicali. Le predizioni di questi modelli sono state testate attraverso uno studio comportamentale e di disconnessione strutturale in una paziente con Alessia Pura, e tramite due studi di lettura con campo visivo diviso (condotti su soggetti destrimani e destrimani e mancini, rispettivamente) in cui fattori lessicali e pre-lessicali sono stati manipolati. La presenza di abilità di lettura residue nel caso di lesione del “sistema delle rappresentazioni visive delle parole” dell’ES e di una sua disconnessione con il resto dell’ES, insieme all’evidenza che un effetto lessicale può spiegare l’effetto di campo visivo/emisfero all’interno di un compito di lettura lateralizzata, sono state considerate come prove a favore dell’ipotesi di una dominanza relativa dell’ES, in linea con la proposta che esista un lessico limitato/debole nell’ED. Uno studio computazionale condotto per simulare lo sviluppo di rappresentazioni ortografiche nei due emisferi suggerisce che rappresentazioni ortografiche più deboli nell’ED rispetto all’ES -che danno luogo a tale vantaggio relativo dell’ES sull’ED- potrebbero essere dovute a un inefficiente consolidamento di conoscenze ortografiche nell’ED.
(2021). Hello from the other side: a neuropsychological, behavioral and computational exploration of hemispheric asymmetries in reading.. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021).
Hello from the other side: a neuropsychological, behavioral and computational exploration of hemispheric asymmetries in reading.
BONANDRINI, ROLANDO
2021
Abstract
The dominance of the left cerebral hemisphere (LH) over the right one (RH) for reading is widely recognized in the domain of cognitive neuroscience. However, it is still not clear whether such dominance is underlaid by a complete word blindness of the RH (absolute LH dominance) or by poorer/weaker lexical representations in the RH than in the LH (relative dominance). According to the first account, reading should be impossible when the visual word form system of the LH is lesioned and both afferent and efferent connections with the rest of the LH are interrupted by the lesion. Also, according to this account, hemispheric differences in lateralized reading in healthy subjects are explained by greater sensitivity of the RH than the LH to pre-lexical orthographic processing factors. According to the framework advocating a relative LH dominance for reading and suggesting poorer lexical orthographic abilities of the RH than the LH, reading should be possible even in case of lesion and disconnection of the LH reading system, although limited to frequent and/or concrete words. Accordingly, hemispheric differences in lateralized reading in healthy subjects should be explained by lexical-semantic factors. The predictions of these models were tested by means of a behavioral and structural disconnectome study on a patient with Pure Alexia, and two divided visual field reading studies (conducted on healthy right-handed and left-and right-handed subjects, respectively) in which pre-lexical and lexical factors were manipulated. Evidence of residual reading abilities in case of a LH visual word form system lesioned with both afferent and efferent connections with the rest of the LH being interrupted, together with evidence of a lexical effect accounting for visual field/hemisphere differences in lateralized reading supported the view of a relative LH dominance, according to the idea of the existence of a poorer/weaker orthographic lexicon in the RH. A computational modelling study conducted to simulate the development of orthographic representations in the two hemispheres suggested that weaker orthographic representations in the RH than in the LH -giving rise to such relative LH advantage for reading- could be due to inefficient consolidation of orthographic knowledge in the RH.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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phd_unimib_750642.pdf
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Descrizione: Tesi di Bonandrini Rolando -750642
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Doctoral thesis
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