This research explores the possibilities opened by offering a specific and original kind of artistic-musical experience to adults (namely, professionals in education) in order to develop awareness, listening, and transformative learning. I designed an “enactive musical workshop”, proposed it to two groups of participants, and analysed its effects and process in order to identify some structural dimensions of musical listening that might become an educational experience and a training practice. The building blocks of the workshops, based on the gnoseological and epistemological framework of embodied and enactive pedagogy/knowledge, are the acting bodies of the trainer and trainees, and the formative gestures which leads to the conditions of a transformative/educational setting, as an inter-active field of experience and knowledge-building. The theoretical hypothesis – discussed in the first part of the thesis – of a deep analogy between musical and formative gestures highlights the material qualities of the latter in terms of temporality, spatiality, intensity, and form. The expressive sense of gesture is intransitive: this suggests that a formative experience (here, radically understood as the formation of the person) might not be based on the communication of content (affective or intellectual), but on the performative effects of the trainer and trainees’ gestures and actions, organically orchestrated, as in musical composition. In my project, the experience of listening becomes the centre of this analogy between musical and educational gestures/knowledge and the heart of the designed workshop, which is specifically structured as the implementation of enactive listening to a piece of music (I chose the Prelude “La cathédrale engloutie” by Debussy and the Impromptu No 1 by Schubert) through cycles where bodily action and co-reflexivity phases alternate recursively. Through this process, the enactive exposition of the participants to the sound-relational structures of the piece facilitates the acknowledgment of their own actions, patterns, and bodily postures, therefore of their symbolic positions as educators. Besides, the training process triggered by enactive musical listening entails the possibility of modifying/refining those patterns and postures, thanks to the fundamental mediation of the group. The second part of the thesis focuses on the design, realization, and analysis of two workshops with two groups of professionals in education from the University of Milan Bicocca, carried out in the 2018/19 academic year. As a researcher, I took an active part in the workshops; my own self-training and reflexive process is among the objectives of my study and one of its relevant outcomes. The chosen methodology is enactive, interpretative, critical, and aimed at building a good enough theory of this experience. Auto-biographical and auto-ethnographic writing, the use of video-registrations and field notes, the dialogical involvement of my participants in all the phases of the project are the ingredients of an enactive process of knowledge construction. Similarly, the choice in favour of an ongoing, narrative and reflexive analysis of the contexts and processes carried out in each workshop (after a more inductive initial phase) was meant to highlight the cross-effects of multiple and entangled actions and meanings, performed by the participants and the conductor. The analysis has highlighted: 1) a knowing process that places at the center the body with its perceptions and feelings, the actions and postures; 2) the enactive co-construction of a listening method, such that the movement feelings of each could loop, contaminate and be refined through the mediation of a group action; 3) the generative process carried out by the participants, through the enactive listening, of some embodied educational metaphors thanks to which they could contact some structural elements of a competence to educate.

Questa ricerca esplora le possibilità che si aprono offrendo ad adulti (professionisti in formazione) una particolare e originale esperienza artistico-musicale al fine di sviluppare consapevolezza, ascolto e apprendimento trasformativo. Ho progettato e realizzato due laboratori di ascolto musicale enattivo analizzandone gli effetti e i processi con l’intento di individuare alcune dimensioni strutturali dell’ascolto che possono divenire un’esperienza e una pratica educative. Gli elementi costruttivi dei laboratori, che fanno capo a una epistemologia pedagogica incorporata ed enattiva, sono: i corpi in azione del formatore e dei formandi e i gesti formativi, condizioni di possibilità di un setting formativo/trasformativo visto come un campo interattivo di esperienza e di costruzione di conoscenza. L’ipotesi teorica, discussa nella prima parte della tesi, di un’analogia strutturale tra il gesto musicale e il gesto formativo evidenzia le qualità materiali di quest’ultimo in termini di temporalità, spazialità, intensità e forma. Il senso espressivo del gesto è intransitivo: ciò suggerisce che un’esperienza formativa (qui, radicalmente intesa come formazione della persona) potrebbe non basarsi sulla comunicazione di contenuti (affettivi o intellettuali) ma sugli effetti performativi delle azioni e dei gesti compiuti dal formatore e dai formandi, organicamente orchestrati come in una composizione musicale. Nel mio progetto, l’esperienza dell’ascolto diviene il fulcro di questa analogia tra i gesti musicali e pedagogici, e il cuore dei laboratori che si strutturano concretamente come processi di ascolto di un brano di musica attraverso cicli in cui l’azione corporea e la co-riflessività si alternano ricorsivamente. Attraverso tali processi, l’esposizione enattiva dei partecipanti alle strutture musicali facilita il riconoscimento delle loro stesse azioni, schemi e posture corporei, e così anche, dei loro posizionamenti simbolici come educatori. Inoltre, il processo di formazione innescato da questo tipo di ascolto comporta la possibilità di modificare/rifinire quegli schemi e posture, grazie alla mediazione del gruppo. La seconda parte della tesi è focalizzata sul progetto, realizzazione e analisi di due laboratori, a cui hanno partecipato rispettivi gruppi di professioniste in formazione dall’Università di Milano Bicocca, condotti nell’anno accademico 2018/19. Come ricercatore, ho preso parte attiva nei laboratori; il mio processo riflessivo e di auto-formazione è tra gli obiettivi del mio studio e uno dei suoi rilevanti risultati. La metodologia impiegata è enattiva, interpretativa e critica, volta a costruire una teoria sufficientemente buona di questa esperienza. La scrittura auto-biografica e auto-etnografica, l’uso delle video-riprese e le note di campo, il coinvolgimento dialogico delle partecipanti in tutte le fasi del progetto, sono gli ingredienti di un processo enattivo di costruzione della conoscenza. Similmente, la scelta di un’analisi ricorsiva, narrativa e riflessiva dei contesti e dei processi laboratoriali (dopo una fase iniziale più induttiva) è stata intesa a far luce sugli effetti incrociati di azioni e significazioni multipli e embricati, messi in atto dalle partecipanti e dal conduttore. L’analisi mostra: come i processi di ascolto, conoscitivi e formativi si siano svolti ponendo al centro i corpi, con le loro percezioni e sensazioni, azioni e posture; come sia andato co-costruendosi un metodo dell’ascolto, tale che le sensazioni di movimento di ciascuna potessero circolare ed essere ridefinite attraverso la mediazione trans-individuale svolta dall’azione del gruppo; come, attraverso l’ascolto attuativo, le partecipanti abbiano generato delle metafore educative incorporate contattando aspetti essenziali di una competenza ad educare.

(2020). Composizione di un sapere pedagogico nell’ascolto musicale attuativo. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020).

Composizione di un sapere pedagogico nell’ascolto musicale attuativo

CULOTTA, VINCENZO
2020

Abstract

This research explores the possibilities opened by offering a specific and original kind of artistic-musical experience to adults (namely, professionals in education) in order to develop awareness, listening, and transformative learning. I designed an “enactive musical workshop”, proposed it to two groups of participants, and analysed its effects and process in order to identify some structural dimensions of musical listening that might become an educational experience and a training practice. The building blocks of the workshops, based on the gnoseological and epistemological framework of embodied and enactive pedagogy/knowledge, are the acting bodies of the trainer and trainees, and the formative gestures which leads to the conditions of a transformative/educational setting, as an inter-active field of experience and knowledge-building. The theoretical hypothesis – discussed in the first part of the thesis – of a deep analogy between musical and formative gestures highlights the material qualities of the latter in terms of temporality, spatiality, intensity, and form. The expressive sense of gesture is intransitive: this suggests that a formative experience (here, radically understood as the formation of the person) might not be based on the communication of content (affective or intellectual), but on the performative effects of the trainer and trainees’ gestures and actions, organically orchestrated, as in musical composition. In my project, the experience of listening becomes the centre of this analogy between musical and educational gestures/knowledge and the heart of the designed workshop, which is specifically structured as the implementation of enactive listening to a piece of music (I chose the Prelude “La cathédrale engloutie” by Debussy and the Impromptu No 1 by Schubert) through cycles where bodily action and co-reflexivity phases alternate recursively. Through this process, the enactive exposition of the participants to the sound-relational structures of the piece facilitates the acknowledgment of their own actions, patterns, and bodily postures, therefore of their symbolic positions as educators. Besides, the training process triggered by enactive musical listening entails the possibility of modifying/refining those patterns and postures, thanks to the fundamental mediation of the group. The second part of the thesis focuses on the design, realization, and analysis of two workshops with two groups of professionals in education from the University of Milan Bicocca, carried out in the 2018/19 academic year. As a researcher, I took an active part in the workshops; my own self-training and reflexive process is among the objectives of my study and one of its relevant outcomes. The chosen methodology is enactive, interpretative, critical, and aimed at building a good enough theory of this experience. Auto-biographical and auto-ethnographic writing, the use of video-registrations and field notes, the dialogical involvement of my participants in all the phases of the project are the ingredients of an enactive process of knowledge construction. Similarly, the choice in favour of an ongoing, narrative and reflexive analysis of the contexts and processes carried out in each workshop (after a more inductive initial phase) was meant to highlight the cross-effects of multiple and entangled actions and meanings, performed by the participants and the conductor. The analysis has highlighted: 1) a knowing process that places at the center the body with its perceptions and feelings, the actions and postures; 2) the enactive co-construction of a listening method, such that the movement feelings of each could loop, contaminate and be refined through the mediation of a group action; 3) the generative process carried out by the participants, through the enactive listening, of some embodied educational metaphors thanks to which they could contact some structural elements of a competence to educate.
FORMENTI, LAURA
FERRARI, EMANUELE
ascolto musicale; educazione adulti; formazione formatori; sapere incorporato; conoscenza enattiva
music listening; adult education; embodied knowledge; enactive knowledge; conoscenza enattiva
M-PED/01 - PEDAGOGIA GENERALE E SOCIALE
Italian
16-gen-2020
SCIENZE DELLA FORMAZIONE E DELLA COMUNICAZIONE
32
2018/2019
open
(2020). Composizione di un sapere pedagogico nell’ascolto musicale attuativo. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020).
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10281/262899
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