In this PhD project, we studied molecules and new materials for application in third generation solar cells and photocatalytic or photoelectrochemical production of H2. The first part of this work was focused on the study of DSSCs devices going to investigate new organic-based photosensitizers, some of them obtained from external collaborations, and several phenothiazine based dyes bearing different functionalization to modulate optical and photovoltaic properties either in presence of organic and water based electrolyte. Perovskite solar cells (PSC) have also been studied and a reliable fabrication procedure have been developed. A study of feasibility about integration in multi-junction devices with mc-Si have been done successfully. Several hydrazone-based hole transport materials have been synthesized and their optical and electrochemical properties have been investigated. The mobility of carriers of these new materials have been studied in organic field effect transistor and they have been employed in PSC devices. Dibranched phenothiazine based dyes, were tested as photosensitizers in the photocatalytic production of H2, in combination with a Pt/TiO2 catalyst. The optical and electrochemical properties of the dyes were investigated, showing that careful design of the new dyes afforded enhanced optical properties. In the H2 production over 20 h, the new sensitizers revealed improved stability after longer irradiation times and enhanced performances, in terms of H2 production rates and light-to-fuel efficiencies, which were for the first time associated with enhanced stability under photocatalytic production of H2 and the absence of critical dye degradation. Analogous phenothiazine dye has been functionalized with a peripheral glucose unit (PTZ-GLU) to bust its affinity to water and enhance dye-sensitized photogeneration of H2. Compared to the corresponding alkyl derivative, as well as the common hydrophilic triethylene glycol substitution (PTZ-TEG); PTZ-GLU performed twice more efficient than PTZ-TEG in the photogeneration of H2 in terms of evolved gas and turnover number. PTZ-GLU has been investigated in presence of properly designed glucose-based co-adsorbents (GLU) to promote beneficial directional interactions on the semiconductor catalytic surface and, access enhanced catalytic activity. We have demonstrated that the combined use of the glucose-based dye and co-adsorbent afforded enhanced photocatalytic H2. A series of carbazole-based dyes have been synthesized and used as photosensitizers in the photocatalytic H2 generation. Compared to the more commonly used PTZ dyes, the exploitation of the planar and sulfur-free carbazole scaffold allows a ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) visible light absorption, busting the H2 production. A preliminary study on p-type dyes for H2 production by photoelectrochemistry has begun with interesting results.

In questo progetto di dottorato, abbiamo studiato nove molecole e materiali per applicazioni in celle solari di terza generazione e produzione fotocatalitica o fotoelettrochimica di H2. La prima parte di questo lavoro è stata focalizzata sullo studio di dispositivi DSSCs andando a studiare nuov fotosensibilizzatori a base organica, alcuni dei quali ottenuti da collaborazioni esterne, e diversi coloranti a base fenotiazinica recanti funzionalizzazioni differenti al fine di modularne proprietà ottiche e fotovoltaiche sia in presenza di elettroliti a base organica sia acquosa. celle solari a perovskiti (PSC) sono state studiate ed è stata sviluppata una procedura di fabbricazione affidabile. Uno studio di fattibilità circa l'integrazione in dispositivi multi-giunzione con mc-Si è stato fatto con successo. Diversi materiali di trasporto di lacune a base di idrazoni sono stati sintetizzati e le loro proprietà ottiche ed elettrochimiche sono state studiati. La mobilità dei portatori di questi nuovi materiali è stata studiata in transistor organici ad effetto di campo e sono stati impiegati in dispositivi PSC.Coloranti fenotiazinici ramificati, sono stati testati come fotosensibilizzatori nella produzione fotocatalitica di H2, in combinazione con un catalizzatore Pt / TiO2. Le proprietà ottiche ed elettrochimiche dei coloranti sono stati studiati, mostrando che un'attenta progettazione dei nuovi coloranti concessi migliorate proprietà ottiche. Nella produzione di H2 oltre 20 h, i nuovi sensibilizzatori rivelato stabilità migliorata dopo tempi di irraggiamento più lunghi e prestazioni migliorate, in termini di velocità di produzione H2 ed efficienze luce-combustibile, che sono stati per la prima volta associate ad una maggiore stabilità in produzione fotocatalitica H2 e all'assenza di degradazione del colorante. Colorante fenotiazinico analogo è stato funzionalizzato con una unità di glucosio periferico (PTZ-GLU) per aumentare la sua affinità con l'acqua e migliorare fotogenerazione di H2. Rispetto al corrispondente derivato alchilico, nonché il comune idrofila trietilenico (PTZ-TEG); PTZ-GLU è due volte più efficiente di PTZ-TEG nel fotogenerazione di H2 in termini di gas evoluto e numero di turnover. PTZ-GLU è stato studiato in presenza di co-adsorbenti appositamente progettati a base di glucosio (GLU) per promuovere le interazioni direzionali sulla superficie catalitica semiconduttore e, accesso maggiore attività catalitica. Abbiamo dimostrato che l'uso combinato del colorante a base di glucosio e co-adsorbente prestata maggiore H2 fotocatalitico. Una serie di coloranti a base di carbazolo sono stati sintetizzati e utilizzati come fotosensibilizzatori nella generazione H2 fotocatalitico. Rispetto ai coloranti PTZ più comunemente utilizzati, lo sfruttamento della struttura planare e senza zolfo del carbazolo consentono un trasferimento di carica ligando-metallo (LMCT), aumentando la produzione di H2. Uno studio preliminare su coloranti p-type per la produzione di H2 da fotoelettrochimica è iniziato con risultati interessanti.

(2017). Synthesis and investigations of multifunctional organic molecules and materials for applications in the field of renewable energy. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2017).

Synthesis and investigations of multifunctional organic molecules and materials for applications in the field of renewable energy

MANFREDI, NORBERTO
2017

Abstract

In this PhD project, we studied molecules and new materials for application in third generation solar cells and photocatalytic or photoelectrochemical production of H2. The first part of this work was focused on the study of DSSCs devices going to investigate new organic-based photosensitizers, some of them obtained from external collaborations, and several phenothiazine based dyes bearing different functionalization to modulate optical and photovoltaic properties either in presence of organic and water based electrolyte. Perovskite solar cells (PSC) have also been studied and a reliable fabrication procedure have been developed. A study of feasibility about integration in multi-junction devices with mc-Si have been done successfully. Several hydrazone-based hole transport materials have been synthesized and their optical and electrochemical properties have been investigated. The mobility of carriers of these new materials have been studied in organic field effect transistor and they have been employed in PSC devices. Dibranched phenothiazine based dyes, were tested as photosensitizers in the photocatalytic production of H2, in combination with a Pt/TiO2 catalyst. The optical and electrochemical properties of the dyes were investigated, showing that careful design of the new dyes afforded enhanced optical properties. In the H2 production over 20 h, the new sensitizers revealed improved stability after longer irradiation times and enhanced performances, in terms of H2 production rates and light-to-fuel efficiencies, which were for the first time associated with enhanced stability under photocatalytic production of H2 and the absence of critical dye degradation. Analogous phenothiazine dye has been functionalized with a peripheral glucose unit (PTZ-GLU) to bust its affinity to water and enhance dye-sensitized photogeneration of H2. Compared to the corresponding alkyl derivative, as well as the common hydrophilic triethylene glycol substitution (PTZ-TEG); PTZ-GLU performed twice more efficient than PTZ-TEG in the photogeneration of H2 in terms of evolved gas and turnover number. PTZ-GLU has been investigated in presence of properly designed glucose-based co-adsorbents (GLU) to promote beneficial directional interactions on the semiconductor catalytic surface and, access enhanced catalytic activity. We have demonstrated that the combined use of the glucose-based dye and co-adsorbent afforded enhanced photocatalytic H2. A series of carbazole-based dyes have been synthesized and used as photosensitizers in the photocatalytic H2 generation. Compared to the more commonly used PTZ dyes, the exploitation of the planar and sulfur-free carbazole scaffold allows a ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) visible light absorption, busting the H2 production. A preliminary study on p-type dyes for H2 production by photoelectrochemistry has begun with interesting results.
ABBOTTO, ALESSANDRO
DSSC,; perovskite,; water; splitting,; hydrogen
DSSC,; perovskite,; water; splitting,; hydrogen
BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA
Italian
13-mar-2017
SCIENZE - 80R
29
2015/2016
open
(2017). Synthesis and investigations of multifunctional organic molecules and materials for applications in the field of renewable energy. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2017).
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
phd_unimib_598430.pdf

accesso aperto

Descrizione: tesi di dottorato
Tipologia di allegato: Doctoral thesis
Dimensione 14.66 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
14.66 MB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10281/153280
Citazioni
  • Scopus ND
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? ND
Social impact