Outcome of Immediate Breast Reconstruction in Patients with Nonendocrine-Responsive Breast Cancer: A Monoinstitutional Case-Control Study

Background The long-term prognostic relevance of immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) for patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer (BC) has not been fully elucidated. Patients and Methods The study population included 444 patients with ER-negative BC who underwent total mastectomy with complete axillary dissection between 1995 and 2006, 339 patients with and 105 patients without IBR. The median follow-up was 8.6 years. Results Patients treated with IBR were younger (P <.001) and received surgery more recently (2003-2006: 53.1% vs. 39%; P =.0003), and had a lower number of metastatic lymph nodes (>4 lymph nodes involvement: 29.5% vs. 45.7%; P =.0026), smaller tumors (pT1/2: 15% vs. 26.7%; P =.0007), and lower extent of peritumoral vascular invasion (15.9% vs. 21%; P =.032). The 5-year cumulative incidence of locoregional recurrence was 7.1% in the IBR group and 11.7% in the no IBR group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.81; P =.63). The 5-year cumulative incidence of distant metastases were similar in the 2 groups (P =.79). The 5-year overall and disease-free survival proportions were 79.9% versus 69.5% (HR, 1.11; P =.67) and 66.6% versus 54.1% (HR, 1.04; P =.83) in the IBR group and no IBR group, respectively. Conclusion IBR intervention does not significantly affect prognosis of ER-negative BC patients.